Evaluation of a Thermophilic, Psychrostable, and Heavy Metal-Resistant Red Sea Brine Pool Esterase

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 20; no. 5; p. 274
• Main Authors: Ahmed, Shimaa F, Abdallah, Rehab Z, Siam, Rania
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19.04.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Binding sites; brine pool; Brines; Catalysis; Catalytic activity; Chemical synthesis; Cold tolerance; commercial esterases; Copper; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Enzymes; Esterase; Esterases; Esterases - chemistry; Evaluation; Fatty acids; Food contamination; Food industry; Heat resistance; Heavy metals; High temperature; Hormones; Indian Ocean; Industry; Ions; Lipase; metagenomics; Metal ions; Metals; Metals, Heavy - pharmacology; Microorganisms; Mutation; Phylogeny; Properties; psychrostable; Salinity; Salts; Sodium chloride; Sterol Esterase; thermophilic; Zinc; Indian Ocean; Red Sea; psychrostable; thermophilic; commercial esterases; brine pool; heavy metals; metagenomics
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md20050274

Lipolytic enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of ester compounds. They are valuable in the pulp, food, and textile industries. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the extreme properties of a hormone-sensitive lipase (EstATII-TM) isolated from the Red Sea Atlantis II brine pool. EstATII-TM was cloned, expressed, and its biochemical activities were assessed under different conditions. EstATII-TM catalytic properties and resistance to different metal ions were compared to commercial thermophilic esterases under different temperatures. Phylogenetically, EstATII-TM was assigned to the GDSAG motif subfamily of hormone-sensitive lipase. The optimal enzyme activity was evident at a temperature of 30 °C and pH 7-8. The enzyme retained 84.9% of its activity at 0.5 M NaCl. EstATII-TM maintained 93% to 97% activity at -40 and -20 °C, respectively. EstATII-TM activity was significantly enhanced, up to 10-fold, at temperatures ranging from 45 to 65 °C in the presence of 1 mM Cu , Cd , Ba , Mn , and Zn . EstATII-TM showed superior catalytic activity and resistance-to/enhancement-by metal ions compared to two commercial thermophilic esterases. The Red Sea Atlantis II brine EstATII-TM is characterized by tolerance to high temperatures, stability to hot and cold conditions, as well as toxic heavy metal contamination, making it an ideal candidate for industrial processes.