Dietary Diversity and Prostate Cancer in a Spanish Adult Population: CAPLIFE Study

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 6; p. 1694
• Main Authors: Cano-Ibáñez, Naomi, Barrios-Rodríguez, Rocío, Lozano-Lorca, Macarena, Vázquez-Alonso, Fernando, Arrabal-Martín, Miguel, Triviño-Juárez, José Matías, Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada, Jiménez-Moleón, José Juan, Olmedo-Requena, Rocío
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 06.06.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; CAPLIFE study; Case-Control Studies; case-control study; Consent; Diet; Diet, Healthy; dietary diversity; Dietary intake; Disease; Disease Progression; Eating - physiology; Energy Intake; Epidemiology; Feeding Behavior - physiology; Food; Food groups; Food intake; Fruits; Hospitals; Humans; Life Style; Lifestyles; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; Mortality; Negative Results; nutrient adequacy; Nutrient requirements; Nutrients; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - physiology; Nutritional Requirements; Population; Population studies; Prostate cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms - etiology; Questionnaires; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Regression analysis; Subgroups; Surveys and Questionnaires; Urology; Vegetables; Spain; CAPLIFE study; prostate cancer; case-control study; nutrient adequacy; dietary diversity
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12061694

Dietary diversity (DD) is a key component of a high-quality diet, providing the adequate nutrient requirements. However, the role of DD on prostate cancer (PCa) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between DD, adequate nutrient intake and PCa, according to the aggressiveness of the tumor. The CAPLIFE (CAP: prostate cancer; LIFE: lifestyles) study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 402 incident PCa cases and 302 controls. The DD score (DDS), adjusted by total energy intake, was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nutrient adequacy was defined according to European Dietary Recommendation Intake for men. The aggressiveness of PCa was determined according to the International Society of Urology Pathology classification. The association between DDS, nutrient intake and PCa was assessed by logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. DDS was similar for PCa cases and controls, independent of PCa aggressiveness. According to each food group DDS, the protein group showed the highest mean score in all the subgroups analyzed. However, no differences were observed for each of the DDS components. The DDS, the variety of the group's food intake, and the adequate nutrient intake, were not associated with PCa.