Efficacy of Arabica Versus Robusta Coffee in Improving Weight, Insulin Resistance, and Liver Steatosis in a Rat Model of Type-2 Diabetes

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 11; no. 9; p. 2074
• Main Authors: Shokouh, Pedram, Jeppesen, Per B, Christiansen, Christine B, Mellbye, Fredrik B, Hermansen, Kjeld, Gregersen, Søren
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.09.2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Adiponectin; Animals; Beta cells; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Caffeine; Coffee; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fatty Liver; Gene expression; Glucose; High density lipoprotein; Homeostasis; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Lipids; liver steatosis; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Zucker; Seeds; Sensitizing; Steatosis; type 2 diabetes mellitus; Denmark; Aarhus Denmark; type 2 diabetes mellitus; liver steatosis; insulin resistance; gene expression; coffee
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu11092074

The effects of chronic coffee exposure in models of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) models is scarcely studied, and the efficacy of the main coffee species has never been compared. We tested the hypothesis that long-term consumption of arabica and robusta coffee may differentially delay and affect T2D development in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Three study groups received either chow mixed with arabica or robusta instant coffee (1.8% / ) or unsupplemented chow food for 10 weeks. Both coffee species reduced liver triglyceride content and area under the curve of fasting and postprandial insulin. At study end, plasma adiponectin, total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein levels were higher in the robust group compared with both arabica and control groups. The liver gene expression of Glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit (G6pc) and Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in robusta and Cpt1a in both coffee groups was downregulated. In conclusion, long-term consumption of both coffee species reduced weight gain and liver steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity in a rat model of T2D. Robusta coffee was seemingly superior to arabica coffee with respect to effects on lipid profile, adiponectin level and hepatic gene expression.