Dietary Supplementation with Transgenic Camelina sativa Oil Containing 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 or Fish Oil Induces Differential Changes in the Transcriptome of CD3 + T Lymphocytes

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 13; no. 9; p. 3116
• Main Authors: West, Annette L, Miles, Elizabeth A, Han, Lihua, Lillycrop, Karen A, Napier, Johnathan A, Calder, Philip C, Burdge, Graham C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 05.09.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brassicaceae - chemistry; Camelina sativa; CD3 antigen; CD3 Complex; Cell proliferation; Dietary Supplements; Docosahexaenoic acid; Docosahexaenoic Acids - pharmacology; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic Acid - pharmacology; Fatty acids; Female; fish oil; Fish oils; Fish Oils - pharmacology; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Immune response; Immune system; Leukocytes; Lipids; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Male; Membranes; Middle Aged; omega-3; Plant Oils - pharmacology; RNAseq; Seeds; Subgroups; T lymphocyte; T-Lymphocytes - drug effects; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Transcriptome - drug effects; Transcriptomes; transgenic plant; Young Adult; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; eicosapentaenoic acid; omega-3; docosahexaenoic acid; fish oil; T lymphocyte; RNAseq; transgenic plant
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu13093116

Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) are important for leukocyte function. This study investigated whether consuming transgenic (t O) seed oil containing both 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 is as effective as fish oil (FO) for increasing the 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 content of leukocytes and altering mitogen-induced changes to the T cell transcriptome. Healthy adults ( = 31) consumed 450 mg/day of 20:5n-3 plus 22:6n-3 from either FO or t O for 8 weeks. Blood was collected before and after the intervention. 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 incorporation from t O into immune cell total lipids was comparable to FO. The relative expression of the transcriptomes of mitogen-stimulated versus unstimulated T lymphocytes in a subgroup of 16 women/test oil showed 4390 transcripts were differentially expressed at Baseline (59% up-regulated), 4769 (57% up-regulated) after FO and 3443 (38% up-regulated) after t O supplementation. The 20 most altered transcripts after supplementation differed between test oils. The most altered pathways were associated with cell proliferation and immune function. In conclusion, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 incorporation into immune cells from t O was comparable to FO and can modify mitogen-induced changes in the T cell transcriptome, contingent on the lipid matrix of the oil.