Hypertension, Thrombosis, Kidney Failure, and Diabetes: Is COVID-19 an Endothelial Disease? A Comprehensive Evaluation of Clinical and Basic Evidence
The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually observed in COVID-19 patients (e.g., high blood pressure, arterial and venous thromboembolism, kidney disease, neurologic diso...
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| Published in | Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 9; no. 5; p. 1417 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
MDPI AG
11.05.2020
MDPI |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually observed in COVID-19 patients (e.g., high blood pressure, arterial and venous thromboembolism, kidney disease, neurologic disorders, and diabetes mellitus) indicate that the virus is targeting the endothelium, one of the largest organs in the human body. Herein, we report a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of both clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that the endothelium is a key target organ in COVID-19, providing a mechanistic rationale behind its systemic manifestations. |
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| AbstractList | The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually observed in COVID-19 patients (e.g., high blood pressure, arterial and venous thromboembolism, kidney disease, neurologic disorders, and diabetes mellitus) indicate that the virus is targeting the endothelium, one of the largest organs in the human body. Herein, we report a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of both clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that the endothelium is a key target organ in COVID-19, providing a mechanistic rationale behind its systemic manifestations. The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually observed in COVID-19 patients (e.g., high blood pressure, arterial and venous thromboembolism, kidney disease, neurologic disorders, and diabetes mellitus) indicate that the virus is targeting the endothelium, one of the largest organs in the human body. Herein, we report a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of both clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that the endothelium is a key target organ in COVID-19, providing a mechanistic rationale behind its systemic manifestations.The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually observed in COVID-19 patients (e.g., high blood pressure, arterial and venous thromboembolism, kidney disease, neurologic disorders, and diabetes mellitus) indicate that the virus is targeting the endothelium, one of the largest organs in the human body. Herein, we report a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of both clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that the endothelium is a key target organ in COVID-19, providing a mechanistic rationale behind its systemic manifestations. |
| Author | Santulli, Gaetano Sardu, Celestino Wang, Xujun Morelli, Marco Bruno Gambardella, Jessica Marfella, Raffaele |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY 10461, USA 4 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10461, USA; marco.morelli@einstein.yu.edu (M.B.M.); xujun.wang@einsteinmed.org (X.W.) 1 Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy; drsarducele@gmail.com (C.S.); raffaele.marfella@unicampania.it (R.M.) 3 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education Academic Research Unit (ITME), “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; jessica.gambardella@einsteinmed.org 2 Department of Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Medical Sciences “Saint Camillus”, 00131 Rome, Italy |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, International Translational Research and Medical Education Academic Research Unit (ITME), “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy; jessica.gambardella@einsteinmed.org – name: 4 Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, New York, NY 10461, USA; marco.morelli@einstein.yu.edu (M.B.M.); xujun.wang@einsteinmed.org (X.W.) – name: 2 Department of Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Medical Sciences “Saint Camillus”, 00131 Rome, Italy – name: 5 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Montefiore University Hospital, New York, NY 10461, USA – name: 1 Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy; drsarducele@gmail.com (C.S.); raffaele.marfella@unicampania.it (R.M.) |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Celestino orcidid: 0000-0001-5099-3790 surname: Sardu fullname: Sardu, Celestino – sequence: 2 givenname: Jessica surname: Gambardella fullname: Gambardella, Jessica – sequence: 3 givenname: Marco Bruno surname: Morelli fullname: Morelli, Marco Bruno – sequence: 4 givenname: Xujun surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Xujun – sequence: 5 givenname: Raffaele surname: Marfella fullname: Marfella, Raffaele – sequence: 6 givenname: Gaetano orcidid: 0000-0001-7231-375X surname: Santulli fullname: Santulli, Gaetano |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32403217$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | Anticoagulants Avian flu Blood pressure Clinical medicine Coronaviruses COVID-19 Diabetes Disease Endothelium Gene expression Glycoproteins Hospitals Hypertension Infections Morbidity Mortality Pathogenesis Proteins Review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Thrombosis Ventilators |
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| Title | Hypertension, Thrombosis, Kidney Failure, and Diabetes: Is COVID-19 an Endothelial Disease? A Comprehensive Evaluation of Clinical and Basic Evidence |
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