Functional Deficits in Gut Microbiome of Young and Middle-Aged Adults with Prediabetes Apparent in Metabolizing Bioactive (Poly)phenols

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 11; p. 3595
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xuhuiqun, Zhao, Anqi, Sandhu, Amandeep K, Edirisinghe, Indika, Burton-Freeman, Britt M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.11.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: (poly)phenolic metabolites; Adult; Automation; Beverages; Bioactive compounds; Biological activity; Biological effects; Body composition; Catabolism; Catheters; Cholesterol; Composition; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Depletion; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diet; Digestive system; DNA; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Genetic testing; Genomes; Glucose; gut microbiome; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intestinal microflora; Laboratories; Male; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolomics; Metagenomics; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Middle age; Middle Aged; Nutrition research; Phenolic acids; Phenols; Phenols - metabolism; Plasma; prediabetes; Prediabetic State - metabolism; Prediabetic State - microbiology; red raspberries; Risk factors; Rubus - metabolism; shotgun sequencing; UHPLC-QQQ; Urine; Young Adult; United States > US; Illinois; Chicago Illinois; shotgun sequencing; gut microbiome; (poly)phenolic metabolites; prediabetes; UHPLC-QQQ; red raspberries
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12113595

Gut microbiota metabolize select dietary (poly)phenols to absorbable metabolites that exert biological effects important in metabolic health. Microbiota composition associated with health/disease status may affect its functional capacity to yield bioactive metabolites from dietary sources. Therefore, this study assessed gut microbiome composition and its related functional capacity to metabolize fruit (poly)phenols in individuals with prediabetes and insulin resistance (PreDM-IR, = 26) compared to a metabolically healthy Reference group ( = 10). Shotgun sequencing was used to characterize gut microbiome composition. Targeted quantitative metabolomic analyses of plasma and urine collected over 24 h were used to assess microbial-derived metabolites in response to a (poly)phenol-rich raspberry test drink. PreDM-IR compared to the Reference group: (1) enriched and and depleted and . and spp. were depleted in the lean PreDM-IR subset; and (2) impaired microbial catabolism of select (poly)phenols resulting in lower 3,8-dihydroxy-urolithin (urolithin A), phenyl- -valerolactones and various phenolic acids concentrations ( < 0.05). Controlling for obesity revealed relationships with microbial species that may serve as metagenomic markers of diabetes development and therapeutic targets. Data provide insight from multi-omics approaches to advance knowledge at the diet-gut-disease nexus serving as a platform for devising dietary strategies to improve metabolic health.