The Crosstalk between Prostate Cancer and Microbiota Inflammation: Nutraceutical Products Are Useful to Balance This Interplay?

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 9; p. 2648
• Main Authors: Crocetto, Felice, Boccellino, Mariarosaria, Barone, Biagio, Di Zazzo, Erika, Sciarra, Antonella, Galasso, Giovanni, Settembre, Giuliana, Quagliuolo, Lucio, Imbimbo, Ciro, Boffo, Silvia, Angelillo, Italo Francesco, Di Domenico, Marina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.08.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetylcysteine - pharmacology; Angiogenesis; Apoptosis; Cancer therapies; Carnitine - pharmacology; Cell growth; Chronic Disease; Crosstalk; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; E coli; Etiology; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Hyperplasia; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammation - microbiology; Kinases; Male; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Monoterpenes - pharmacology; Multiple myeloma; nutraceutical compounds; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Prostate - microbiology; Prostate - physiopathology; Prostate cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms - microbiology; Review; Tumorigenesis; Vascular endothelial growth factor; microbiota; nutraceutical compounds; prostate cancer
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12092648

The human microbiota shows pivotal roles in urologic health and disease. Emerging studies indicate that gut and urinary microbiomes can impact several urological diseases, both benignant and malignant, acting particularly on prostate inflammation and prostate cancer. Indeed, the microbiota exerts its influence on prostate cancer initiation and/or progression mechanisms through the regulation of chronic inflammation, apoptotic processes, cytokines, and hormonal production in response to different pathogenic noxae. Additionally, therapies' and drugs' responses are influenced in their efficacy and tolerability by microbiota composition. Due to this complex potential interconnection between prostate cancer and microbiota, exploration and understanding of the involved relationships is pivotal to evaluate a potential therapeutic application in clinical practice. Several natural compounds, moreover, seem to have relevant effects, directly or mediated by microbiota, on urologic health, posing the human microbiota at the crossroad between prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer development. Here, we aim to analyze the most recent evidence regarding the possible crosstalk between prostate, microbiome, and inflammation.