Single-Pixel Near-Infrared 3D Image Reconstruction in Outdoor Conditions

• Published in: Micromachines (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 795
• Main Authors: Osorio Quero, C, Durini, D, Rangel-Magdaleno, J, Martinez-Carranza, J, Ramos-Garcia, R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.05.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: 3D imaging; Algorithms; Fog; Hadamard patterns; Illumination; Image acquisition; Image processing; Image quality; Image reconstruction; Infrared detectors; Infrared imagery; Infrared spectroscopy; Light; Methods; NIR; Performance evaluation; Pixels; Shape-from-Shading (SFS); single-pixel imaging (SPI); Test chambers; Time-of-Flight (ToF); Unmanned aerial vehicles; Visible spectrum; Vision systems; 3D imaging; single-pixel imaging (SPI); Shape-from-Shading (SFS); NIR; Hadamard patterns; Time-of-Flight (ToF); fog
• ISSN: 2072-666X; 2072-666X
• DOI: 10.3390/mi13050795

In the last decade, the vision systems have improved their capabilities to capture 3D images in bad weather scenarios. Currently, there exist several techniques for image acquisition in foggy or rainy scenarios that use infrared (IR) sensors. Due to the reduced light scattering at the IR spectra it is possible to discriminate the objects in a scene compared with the images obtained in the visible spectrum. Therefore, in this work, we proposed 3D image generation in foggy conditions using the single-pixel imaging (SPI) active illumination approach in combination with the Time-of-Flight technique (ToF) at 1550 nm wavelength. For the generation of 3D images, we make use of space-filling projection with compressed sensing (CS-SRCNN) and depth information based on ToF. To evaluate the performance, the vision system included a designed test chamber to simulate different fog and background illumination environments and calculate the parameters related to image quality.