A Systematic Review on Processed/Ultra-Processed Foods and Arterial Hypertension in Adults and Older People

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 6; p. 1215
• Main Authors: Barbosa, Suamy Sales, Sousa, Layanne Cristini Martin, de Oliveira Silva, David Franciole, Pimentel, Jéssica Bastos, Evangelista, Karine Cavalcanti Maurício de Sena, Lyra, Clélia de Oliveira, Lopes, Márcia Marília Gomes Dantas, Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.03.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adult; Adults; Aged; Blood pressure; Classification; dietary habits; Eating behavior; Fast Foods - adverse effects; Feeding Behavior; Flux density; Food; Food consumption; Food Handling; Food processing; Health risks; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertension - etiology; Middle age; NOVA classification; Older people; Populations; Processed foods; Quality of Life; Reviews; Systematic Review; Text analysis; Womens health; blood pressure; NOVA classification; dietary habits; systematic review; hypertension; chronic non-communicable diseases; food processing
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14061215

The increase in the availability of processed and ultra-processed foods has altered the eating patterns of populations, and these foods constitute an exposure factor for the development of arterial hypertension. This systematic review analyzed evidence of the association between consumption of processed/ultra-processed foods and arterial hypertension in adults and older people. Electronic searches for relevant articles were performed in the PUBMED, EMBASE and LILACS databases. The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The search of the databases led to the retrieval of 2323 articles, eight of which were included in the review. A positive association was found between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and blood pressure/arterial hypertension, whereas insufficient evidence was found for the association between the consumption of processed foods and arterial hypertension. The results reveal the high consumption of ultra-processed foods in developed and middle-income countries, warning of the health risks of such foods, which have a high energy density and are rich in salt, sugar and fat. The findings underscore the urgent need for the adoption of measures that exert a positive impact on the quality of life of populations, especially those at greater risk, such as adults and older people.