Geraniol Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Mediated Kidney Injury through Alteration of Antioxidant Status, Inflammation, and Apoptosis: Potential Roles of NF-κB and Nrf2/Ho-1

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 8; p. 1620
• Main Authors: AlAsmari, Abdullah F, Ali, Nemat, Alharbi, Metab, Alqahtani, Faleh, Alasmari, Fawaz, Almoqbel, Daad, AlSwayyed, Mohammed, Alshammari, Abdulrahman, Alanazi, Mohammed M, Alhoshani, Ali, Al-Harbi, Naif O
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.04.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Albumins; Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Cancer; Catalase; Creatinine; Cytokines; Doxorubicin; Doxorubicin - adverse effects; Enzymatic activity; Gene expression; geraniol; Glutathione peroxidase; Impairment; Inflammation; Inflammation - metabolism; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney diseases; kidney injury; Kidneys; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB protein; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Peroxidation; Protein expression; Proteins; Rats; Superoxide dismutase; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Urea; United States > US; apoptosis; doxorubicin; geraniol; kidney injury; inflammation; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14081620

Doxorubicin-mediated kidney impairment is a serious problem in cancer treatment. Accordingly, this work investigated the ability of geraniol to modulate doxorubicin-induced kidney damage using a rat model. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control, doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.), doxorubicin plus 100 mg/kg of geraniol, and doxorubicin plus 200 mg/kg of geraniol. A single doxorubicin injection triggered kidney impairment, as evidenced by the altered serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and albumin values; it also caused histological changes in the kidney architecture. Additionally, doxorubicin enhanced lipid peroxidation while lowering reduced glutathione, catalase activity, and the expression of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Interestingly, pre-treatment with geraniol rescued doxorubicin-induced alterations in kidney antioxidant parameters, enzymatic activity, and the expression of inflammatory and apoptosis-mediating gene and proteins. Moreover, prophylactic treatment with geraniol preserved most kidney histological characteristics in a dose-dependent manner. These findings support that geraniol could protect against doxorubicin-mediated kidney dysfunction. However, further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms of geraniol's protective effects against doxorubicin-mediated kidney dysfunction.