Minimal Increase in Survival Throughout the Years in Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma with Synchronous Metastases: Results of a Population‐Based Study

• Published in: The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 24; no. 7; pp. e526 - e535
• Main Authors: Vos, Melissa, Ho, Vincent K. Y., Oosten, Astrid W., Verhoef, Cornelis, Sleijfer, Stefan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2019
• Subjects: Overall survival; Population‐based study; Sarcomas; Soft tissue sarcoma; Synchronous metastases; Soft tissue sarcoma; Synchronous metastases; Population‐based study; Overall survival
• ISSN: 1083-7159; 1549-490X
• DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0383

Background Treatment options for patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) have increased in the last decade. We aimed to examine whether this is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with STS with synchronous metastases. Patients and Methods Patients diagnosed with STS and synchronous metastases from 1989 to 2014 were queried from The Netherlands Cancer Registry. Trends in OS were assessed by the Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test in time intervals of 5 years, for the whole study population and in subgroups for liposarcomas, leiomyosarcoma, and other STS subtypes. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify characteristics prognostic for OS. Results Median OS of the 1,393 identified patients did not improve significantly over the years from 5.8 months in 1989–1994 to 8.1 months in 2010–2014, but there was an evident trend. Median OS was prolonged in the subgroups of liposarcomas (3.6 to 9.3 months), leiomyosarcomas (11.3 to 14.6 months), and other STS subtypes (5.7 to 6.3 months), although there were no significant improvements in OS over the years. Primary tumor site in one of the extremities and surgery in an academic center had a favorable effect on OS, whereas significant negative predictors were no treatment, elderly age, STS subtype other than liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma, high or unknown grade, and nodal involvement. Conclusion Although overall survival of patients with STS with synchronous metastases in this nationwide and “real‐life” population has improved over the years, the improvement was not statistically significant, despite new treatment options. Implications for Practice Treatment of patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS) has changed in the past years, with new drugs such as trabectedin (2007) and pazopanib (2012) becoming available. By using data from the nationwide Netherlands Cancer Registry, the impact of these changes in treatment policies on survival is analyzed in a “real‐life” population of patients with STS with synchronous metastases, rather than in a strictly selected trial population. Unfortunately, overall survival improved only minimally and not significantly for these patients diagnosed from 1989 to 2014. Hopefully, the advent of novel treatment options, such as eribulin and olaratumab, will further improve the outcome of this patient group. A population‐based analysis was performed to determine the effect of changes in treatment policies on overall survival in patients with soft tissue sarcomas who presented with metastatic disease at time of diagnosis and to establish whether the survival rate had improved over the years.