The impact of physical exercise on calcium balance in healthy subjects during prolonged hypokinesia

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 25; no. 10; pp. 1029 - 1034
• Main Authors: Deogenov, Victor A., Ph.D, Zorbas, Yan G., M.D, Kakuris, Kostas K., M.D, Federenko, Yuri F., Ph.D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.10.2009; [New York]: Elsevier Science Inc; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Analysis of Variance; Athletic Performance; Biological and medical sciences; Calcium; Calcium - blood; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium - urine; calcium balance; Calcium imbalance; Calcium utilization; Diet; dietary minerals; Electrolytes; Exercise; Exercise - physiology; Feces - chemistry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Homeostasis; Humans; hypokinesia; Immobilization - adverse effects; lifestyle; Lifestyle factors; Male; men; Metabolisms and neurohumoral controls; muscles; nutrient balance; Nutrition; nutrition assessment; nutritional status; periodic physical exercise; Periodic training; Physical inactivity; Plasma; Students; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Water and mineral metabolism. Osmoregulation. Acidobasic balance; Working conditions; Young Adult; Calcium imbalance; Periodic training; Physical inactivity; Nutrition; Calcium utilization; Lifestyle factors; Physical exercise; Physical training; Calcium; Healthy subject; Hydroelectrolytic balance; Hypokinesia; Feeding; Life style
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.02.014

Abstract Objective To determine whether during hypokinesia (diminished movement) periodic physical exercise affects calcium (Ca2+ ) balance and Ca2+ loss. Methods Studies were conducted on 30 physically healthy male volunteers during the preexperimental period of 30 days and the experimental period of 364 days. They were equally divided into three groups: active control subjects (ACS), hypokinetic subjects (HKS), and periodic training subjects (PTS). The ACS group ran an average distance of 9.3 ± 1.2 km/d; the HKS group walked an average distance of 1.3 ± 0.2 km/d; and PTS group walked and ran average distances of 1.3 ± 0.2 km/d and 9.2 ± 1.2 km/d for 5 and 2 days per week, respectively. Results Serum Ca2+ level, fecal and urine Ca2+ loss, and Ca2+ imbalance increased ( P < 0.05) in the PTS and HKS groups compared with their preexperimental levels and the values in their respective ACS group. The serum Ca2+ concentration, urine and fecal Ca2+ loss, and Ca2+ imbalance increased more ( P < 0.05) in the PTS group than in the HKS group. Conclusion During hypokinesia, Ca2+ imbalance is more evident with than without physical exercise and Ca2+ loss is exacerbated more with higher than lower Ca2+ imbalance.