Detection methods of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR): A review

• Published in: Australasian orthodontic journal Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 101 - 107
• Main Authors: Yazid, Farinawati, Teh, Yongxian, Ashari, Asma, Ariffin, Shahrul Hisham Zainal, Wahab, Rohaya Megat Abdul
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Crows Nest, NSW Australian Society of Orthodontists 01.05.2020; Sciendo
• Subjects: Diagnosis, Radioscopic; Orthodontics; Physiology, Pathological; Practice; Resorption (Physiology); Risk assessment
• ISSN: 2207-7480; 2207-7480
• DOI: 10.21307/aoj-2020-012

"Background: Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is unwelcome iatrogenic damage associated with orthodontic treatment. Patients with a high risk of developing OIIRR are commonly monitored using radiographic techniques. Alternative, more sensitive methods using biological markers facilitate the early detection of OIIRR, which can minimise root surface damage and allow the timely cessation of orthodontic treatment in order to facilitate a reparative process. Aim: The present review examines the current use of 2D and 3D radiographic techniques to detect and quantify OIIRR and, further, evaluates the latest literature on alternative detection methods of OIIRR. Method: Published studies were searched electronically throughout PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect using keywords including 'root resorption', 'OIIRR', 'radiograph' and 'biological markers'. Results: The detection methods for OIIRR were divided into radiographic and biological marker methods. Orthopantomogram (OPG) and periapical radiography are currently the most widely used radiographic methods to detect and monitor OIIRR as they are readily available in most dental clinics, cost effective and have a relatively low radiation dose. However, the radiographic methods are not only subject to standardisation and magnification issues, but also require repeated radiation exposure to patients. Therefore, published research into the potential for biological markers as a safer and more sensitive alternative for the early detection of OIIRR was reviewed. Conclusion: The result of the review highlights the potential for the use of biological markers in the early detection of OIIRR as a relatively safer and more sensitive alternative to conventional radiographic methods."