Effect of dietary fats and carbohydrate on blood pressure of mildly hypertensive patients

• Published in: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979) Vol. 10; no. 4; pp. 452 - 460
• Main Authors: SACKS, FRANK M, ROUSE, IAN L, STAMPFER, MEIR J, BISHOP, LOUISE M, LENHERR, CORNELIA F, WALTHER, RAYMOND J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA American Heart Association, Inc 01.10.1987; Hagerstown, MD Lippincott
• Subjects: acide linoleique; acido linoleico; Adult; Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension; Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Blood Pressure; carbohidratos; carbohydrates; Cardiology. Vascular system; circulatory disorders; Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology; Clinical Trials as Topic; corps gras; diet; dieta; Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - administration & dosage; Double-Blind Method; fats; Female; femme; glucide; grasas; hombres; homme; Humans; Hypertension - diet therapy; Hypertension - physiopathology; linoleic acid; Male; Medical sciences; men; Middle Aged; mujeres; presion sanguinea; pression sanguine; Random Allocation; regime alimentaire; trastornos circulatorios; trouble circulatoire; women; Human; Hypertension; Diet; Cardiovascular disease; Lipids; Arterial pressure; Carbohydrate
• ISSN: 0194-911X; 1524-4563
• DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.10.4.452

A double-blind dietary trial was conducted in order to test whether or not replacement of saturated fats by linoleic acid or by carbohydrate would lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. During supplementation with safflower oil as compared with cream, intake of polyunsaturated fat increased from 5 to 15% of total energy, whereas saturated fat decreased from 16 to 10%. During both high fat periods, total fat constituted 37 to 38% of total calories and carbohydrate 42 to 43%, as compared with 28 and 52%, respectively. Compliance with diets was demonstrated by significant changes in fasting plasma fatty acid measurements. At baseline, mean clinic blood pressure was 134.9 +/- 9.5/92.6 +/- 5.7 mm Hg. There was no significant difference in blood pressure measured in the clinic or at home among the three periods of dietary supplementation. It was suggested that dietary fats per se are not directly involved in the regulation of blood pressure but that changes in their intake may be a marker for another nutrient or set of nutrients that are hypertensive.