Integrated analysis and identification of hub genes as novel biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an intractable and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can lead to severe cognitive decline, impaired speech, short-term memory loss, and finally an inability to function in daily life. For patients, their families, and even all of society, AD can impart great emo...
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Published in | Frontiers in aging neuroscience Vol. 14; p. 901972 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Lausanne
Frontiers Research Foundation
30.08.2022
Frontiers Media S.A |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an intractable and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can lead to severe cognitive decline, impaired speech, short-term memory loss, and finally an inability to function in daily life. For patients, their families, and even all of society, AD can impart great emotional pressure and economic costs. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential diagnostic biomarkers of AD. Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the expression profiles of genes were extracted from the GSE5281, GSE28146, and GSE48350 microarray datasets. Then, immune-related genes were identified by the intersections of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Disease Ontology (DO), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), were performed. Subsequently, random forest models and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to further screen hub genes, which were then validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Finally, 153 total immune-related DEGs were identified in relation to AD. DO analysis of these immune-related DEGs showed that they were enriched in “lung disease,” “reproductive system disease,” and “atherosclerosis.” Single GSEA of hub genes showed that they were particularly enriched in “oxidative phosphorylation.” ROC analysis of
AGAP3
yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.878 for GSE5281, 0.727 for GSE28146, and 0.635 for GSE48350. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that AGAP3 was related to follicular helper T cells, naïve CD4 T cells, naïve B cells, memory B cells, macrophages M0, macrophages M1, macrophages M2, resting natural killer (NK) cells, activated NK cells, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and activated mast cells. These results indicate that identifying immune-related DEGs might enhance the current understanding of the development and prognosis of AD. Furthermore,
AGAP3
not only plays a vital role in AD progression and diagnosis but could also serve as a valuable target for further research on AD. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias, a section of the journal Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Reviewed by: Xiao-Dong Pan, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, China; Bin Jiao, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship Edited by: Gang Wang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China |
ISSN: | 1663-4365 1663-4365 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fnagi.2022.901972 |