Class II MHC antigen processing in immune tolerance and inflammation

• Published in: Immunogenetics (New York) Vol. 71; no. 3; pp. 171 - 187
• Main Authors: Jurewicz, Mollie M., Stern, Lawrence J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Allergology; Animals; Antigen presentation; Antigen Presentation - immunology; Antigen processing; Antigen-presenting cells; Antigen-Presenting Cells - immunology; Antigens; Autoimmunity; Biology and Evolution of Antigen Presentation; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; CD4 antigen; Cell activation; Cell Biology; Gene Function; Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II - immunology; Human Genetics; Humans; Immune Tolerance - immunology; Immunological tolerance; Immunology; Inflammation - immunology; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Major histocompatibility complex; Peptides; Proteins; Review; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Antigen presentation; Major histocompatibility complex; MHC protein; Immunopeptidome
• ISSN: 0093-7711; 1432-1211
• DOI: 10.1007/s00251-018-1095-x

Presentation of peptide antigens by MHC-II proteins is prerequisite to effective CD4 T cell tolerance to self and to recognition of foreign antigens. Antigen uptake and processing pathways as well as expression of the peptide exchange factors HLA-DM and HLA-DO differ among the various professional and non-professional antigen-presenting cells and are modulated by cell developmental state and activation. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of these cell-specific factors in controlling the source and breadth of peptides presented by MHC-II under different conditions. During inflammation, increased presentation of selected self-peptides has implications for maintenance of peripheral tolerance and autoimmunity.