Epidemiological Trends of Trans-Boundary Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Europe, 2000–2019

• Published in: Pathogens (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 704
• Main Authors: Wondim, Mulugeta A., Czupryna, Piotr, Pancewicz, Sławomir, Kruszewska, Ewelina, Groth, Monika, Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 18.06.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Arachnids; Birds; Climate change; Disease control; Disease transmission; Encephalitis; Epidemiology; Humidity; Infectious diseases; Population number; Prevention; Review; Tick-borne encephalitis; tick-borne encephalitis virus; Ticks; Transplants & implants; trend; Weather; Czech Republic; Austria; Northern Europe; Hungary; Europe; Finland; Germany; Estonia; Russia
• ISSN: 2076-0817; 2076-0817
• DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060704

Tick-borne encephalitis is a neuroinfection widely distributed in the Euro–Asia region. Primarily, the virus is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. From 2000–2019, the total number of confirmed cases in Europe reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control was 51,519. The number of cases decreased in 2014 and 2015; however, since 2015, a growing number of cases have been observed, with the involvement of countries in which TBE has not been previously reported. The determinant factors for the spread of TBE are host population size, weather conditions, movement of hosts, and local regulations on the socioeconomic dynamics of the local and travelling people around the foci areas. The mean incidence rate of tick-borne encephalitis from 2000–2019 in Europe was 3.27, while the age-adjusted mean incidence rate was 2.19 per 100,000 population size. This review used several articles and data sources from the European Centre for Diseases Prevention and Control.