Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Findings, Challenges, and Future Applications

In recent years, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have gained the interest of many experts in fields such as microbiology and immunology, and research in this field has exponentially increased. These nano-sized particles have provided researchers with a number of interesting findings, ma...

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Published inMembranes (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 6; p. 411
Main Authors Kameli, Nader, Dragojlovic-Kerkache, Anya, Savelkoul, Paul, Stassen, Frank R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 29.05.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Cancer
Citrus fruits
Disease
Extracellular vesicles
Homeostasis
Immune system
Immunology
immunomodulatory effects
Inflammatory bowel disease
Influence
intestinal homeostasis
Lipids
Liver
Mammals
Microbiology
MicroRNAs
Nanoparticles
plant EVs
Plants
Review
Standardization
Stem cells
therapeutic applications
Vesicles
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Summary:In recent years, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have gained the interest of many experts in fields such as microbiology and immunology, and research in this field has exponentially increased. These nano-sized particles have provided researchers with a number of interesting findings, making their application in human health and disease very promising. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that PDEVs can exhibit a multitude of effects, suggesting that these vesicles may have many potential future applications, including therapeutics and nano-delivery of compounds. While the preliminary results are promising, there are still some challenges to face, such as a lack of protocol standardization, as well as knowledge gaps that need to be filled. This review aims to discuss various aspects of PDEV knowledge, including their preliminary findings, challenges, and future uses, giving insight into the complexity of conducting research in this field.
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Authors contributed equally to the paper.
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes11060411