Oligodendrocyte Development and Implication in Perinatal White Matter Injury

Perinatal white matter injury (WMI) is the most common brain injury in premature infants and can lead to life-long neurological deficits such as cerebral palsy. Preterm birth is typically accompanied by inflammation and hypoxic-ischemic events. Such perinatal insults negatively impact maturation of...

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Published inFrontiers in cellular neuroscience Vol. 15; p. 764486
Main Authors Motavaf, Mahsa, Piao, Xianhua
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 04.11.2021
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Blood vessels
Brain injury
DNA methylation
Etiology
Glycoproteins
Growth factors
Hypoxia
hypoxia-ischemia
Ischemia
myelin
Myelination
Nervous system
Neurological diseases
Neuroscience
Newborn babies
oligodendrocyte
Oligodendrocytes
Paralysis
Premature birth
Prenatal development
Proteins
Substantia alba
Therapeutic targets
Transplantation
white matter injury
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Summary:Perinatal white matter injury (WMI) is the most common brain injury in premature infants and can lead to life-long neurological deficits such as cerebral palsy. Preterm birth is typically accompanied by inflammation and hypoxic-ischemic events. Such perinatal insults negatively impact maturation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and cause myelination failure. At present, no treatment options are clinically available to prevent or cure WMI. Given that arrested OL maturation plays a central role in the etiology of perinatal WMI, an increased interest has emerged regarding the functional restoration of these cells as potential therapeutic strategy. Cell transplantation and promoting endogenous oligodendrocyte function are two potential options to address this major unmet need. In this review, we highlight the underlying pathophysiology of WMI with a specific focus on OL biology and their implication for the development of new therapeutic targets.
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Edited by: Fuzheng Guo, University of California, Davis, United States
This article was submitted to Non-Neuronal Cells, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Reviewed by: Feng Mei, Army Medical University, China; Ben Emery, Oregon Health and Science University, United States
ISSN:1662-5102
1662-5102
DOI:10.3389/fncel.2021.764486