Intrinsic Connectivity Networks in the Self- and Other-Referential Processing

• Published in: Frontiers in human neuroscience Vol. 14; p. 579703
• Main Authors: Knyazev, Gennady G., Savostyanov, Alexander N., Bocharov, Andrey V., Levin, Evgeny A., Rudych, Pavel D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 10.11.2020; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Brain; Brain mapping; central executive network; Cognition & reasoning; Competition; default mode network; fMRI; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Human Neuroscience; Information processing; Neural networks; Neuroimaging; Prefrontal cortex; salience network; self-referential processing; trait adjective judgment task
• ISSN: 1662-5161; 1662-5161
• DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.579703

Neuroimaging studies have revealed a multitude of brain regions associated with self- and other-referential processing, but the question how the distinction between self, close other, and distant other is processed in the brain still remains unanswered. The default mode network (DMN) is the primary network associated with the processing of self, whereas task-positive networks (TPN) are indispensable for the processing of external objects. We hypothesize that self- and close-other-processing would engage DMN more than TPN, whereas distant-other-processing would engage TPN to a greater extent. To test this hypothesis, we used fMRI functional connectivity data obtained in the course of a trait adjective judgment task while subjects evaluated themselves, the best friend, a neutral stranger, and an unpleasant person. A positive association between the degree of self-relatedness and the degree of DMN dominance was revealed in cortical midline structures and the left lateral prefrontal cortex. Relative to TPN, DMN showed greater connectivity in Me than in Friend, in Friend than in Stranger, and in Stranger than in Unpleasant conditions. These results show that the less the evaluated person is perceived as self-related, the more the balance of activity in the brain shifts from the DMN to the TPN.