Postprandial oxidative stress is modulated by dietary fat in adipose tissue from elderly people

• Published in: AGE Vol. 36; no. 2; pp. 507 - 517
• Main Authors: Meza-Miranda, Eliana Romina, Camargo, Antonio, Rangel-Zuñiga, Oriol Alberto, Delgado-Lista, Javier, Garcia-Rios, Antonio, Perez-Martinez, Pablo, Tasset-Cuevas, Inma, Tunez, Isaac, Tinahones, Francisco J., Perez-Jimenez, Francisco, Lopez-Miranda, José
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.04.2014; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Age; Aged; Aging; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Body fat; Cell Biology; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes; Diet; Diet, Mediterranean; Dietary Fats - pharmacokinetics; Enzymes; Fatty acids; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Geriatrics/Gerontology; Gerontology; Hospitals; Humans; Hypertension; Life Sciences; Male; Medical research; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - diet therapy; Metabolic Syndrome - genetics; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Molecular Medicine; Obesity; Oils & fats; Older people; Oxidative Stress; Plasma; Postprandial Period - physiology; Prognosis; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retrospective Studies; RNA - genetics; Statistical analysis; Studies; Superoxide Dismutase - biosynthesis; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - biosynthesis; Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - genetics; Tissues; Postprandial state; Aging; Dietary fat; Oxidative stress; Metabolic syndrome
• ISSN: 0161-9152; 2509-2715; 1574-4647; 2509-2723
• DOI: 10.1007/s11357-013-9579-y

We have investigated whether dietary fat modifies the postprandial oxidative stress in adipose tissue of elderly people. Twenty participants received three diets for 4 weeks each: SFA-rich diet, Mediterranean (Med) diet enriched in MUFA with virgin olive oil, and a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet enriched in n -3 PUFA (α-linolenic acid from plant origin) (CHO-PUFA diet). After 12 h of fasting, volunteers received a breakfast reflecting the fatty acid composition of the diet ingested in the preceding dietary period. Med diet induced higher postprandial SOD2 and TrxR mRNA levels, and CHO-PUFA diet induced higher GPx1 and TrxR mRNA levels compared with SFA-rich diet. Med and CHO-PUFA breakfasts induced a postprandial increase in plasma reduced glutathione (GSH), and a greater postprandial GSH/oxidized glutathione ratio compared to the SFA-rich diet. Our study suggests that the consumption of Med and CHO-PUFA diets may reduce postprandial oxidative stress compared to an SFA-rich diet, which may be due to higher antioxidant enzymes gene expression in adipose tissue.