Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infection after BCG vaccination

The BCG is administered to all the newborns at birth in Iran. Systemic adverse reactions to BCG vaccine such as osteomyelitis and disseminated BCG infection are rare. This is a retrospective study of 15 cases <72 months who were admitted with systemic syndrome compatible with disseminated mycobac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of tropical pediatrics (1980) Vol. 54; no. 6; p. 413
Main Authors Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Khotaei, Ghamartaj, Mamishi, Setareh, Kheirkhah, Maryam, Parvaneh, Nima
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.12.2008
Subjects
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
BCG Vaccine - adverse effects
BCG Vaccine - immunology
Cattle
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes - complications
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes - microbiology
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Iran - epidemiology
Male
Mycobacterium bovis - immunology
Mycobacterium bovis - isolation & purification
Mycobacterium Infections - epidemiology
Mycobacterium Infections - etiology
Mycobacterium Infections - microbiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Tuberculosis, Bovine - complications
Vaccination - adverse effects
Iran
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Summary:The BCG is administered to all the newborns at birth in Iran. Systemic adverse reactions to BCG vaccine such as osteomyelitis and disseminated BCG infection are rare. This is a retrospective study of 15 cases <72 months who were admitted with systemic syndrome compatible with disseminated mycobacterial disease during 2004-07. Disseminated BCG disease occurred in eight children younger than 6-months old and 12 patient younger than 12-months old. Twelve patients were male. Nine of 15 patients had well known primary immune deficiency disorders including severe combined immunodeficiency, chronic granulomatous disease; cell mediated immune defect and HIV infection. Nine (60%) cases had good response to four anti-mycobacterial drug therapy and interferon gamma. Disseminated BCG disease is a rare but devastating complication of BCG vaccination that should be considered in the appropriate clinical setting. Severe immune-compromised infants are at greatest risk and they respond poorly to standard therapies.
ISSN:1465-3664
DOI:10.1093/tropej/fmn053