Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Lippia origanoides Kunth in diabetic rats

• Published in: Food science & nutrition Vol. 12; no. 7; pp. 5131 - 5146
• Main Authors: Miranda, Vinicius Carvalho, Pereira, Yago Luis Gonçalves, Paz, Allane Patricia Santos, Souza, Keyla Rodrigues, Silva, Márcia Cristina Freitas, Muto, Nilton Akio, Monteiro, Patrick Romano, Santos, Agenor Valadares, Hamoy, Moises, Medeiros, Maria das Graças Freire, Carmo, Iolanda Souza, Silva, Maria Eduarda Moraes, Sousa Lima Neto, José, Mello, Vanessa Jóia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2024; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Alanine; Alanine transaminase; Alloxan; Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Aspartate aminotransferase; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular diseases; cardiovascular protector; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Drug dosages; Fasting; Flavonoids; Glibenclamide; Glucose; Glucosidase; Health risks; Herbal medicine; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; hypoglycemic; Insulin; Laboratory animals; Lipids; Lippia origanoides; Lippia origanoides Kunth; Liquid chromatography; Malondialdehyde; Metabolic disorders; Original; Plant diseases; Triglycerides; Urea; α-Glucosidase; Brazil; cardiovascular protector; hypoglycemic; Lippia origanoides Kunth; diabetes
• ISSN: 2048-7177; 2048-7177
• DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4162

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder commonly associated with atherosclerosis. Plants with therapeutic potential, such as Lippia origanoides Kunth, emerge as effective alternatives for treating these diseases. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lippia origanoides Kunth (ELo) in alloxan‐diabetic rats. Animals were treated orally: normal control, hyperglycemic control, positive control glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), and groups treated with ELo (75, 150, and 250 mg/kg). Preclinical evaluation of ELo showed hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatic, and renal protective effects. At all doses, ELo significantly reduced hyperglycemia, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient, and cardiovascular risk index (p < .05). Elo at different doses promoted an increase in insulin release compared to untreated animals (p < .05) and showed α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (p < .05). Also, ELo (250 mg/kg group) showed maximum reduction of hyperglycemia, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, malonaldehyde, and urea compared to the hyperglycemic and glibenclamide groups, and creatinine only compared to the hyperglycemic groups (p < .05). The promising action of ELo in the context of diabetes may be related to the synergistic action of flavonoid compounds identified in liquid chromatography, whose pharmacological capabilities have already been documented in previous studies. The mechanisms may be the stimulation of insulin release; the inhibitory activity of α‐glucosidase; improving general clinical conditions; and the antioxidant effects of the extract. These findings pave the way for the future development of an herbal presentation of L. origanoides Kunth as a hypoglycemic and cardiovascular protector with a lipid‐lowering effect. This work evaluates the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Lippia origanoides Kunth (ELo) in rats with alloxan‐induced diabetes. ELo demonstrated promising action in diabetes with a possible cardiovascular protective lipid‐lowering effect, serving as a basis for the development of toxicological studies that validate the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its introduction in future investigations in clinical studies with humans.