Visceral hypersensitivity in inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome: The role of proteases
Proteases, enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, are present at high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract. Besides their well-known role in the digestive process, they also function as signaling molecules through the activation of protease-activated receptors(PARs). Based on th...
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Published in | World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 22; no. 47; pp. 10275 - 10286 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
21.12.2016
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Proteases, enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, are present at high concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract. Besides their well-known role in the digestive process, they also function as signaling molecules through the activation of protease-activated receptors(PARs). Based on their chemical mechanism for catalysis, proteases can be classified into several classes: serine, cysteine, aspartic, metallo- and threonine proteases represent the mammalian protease families. In particular, the class of serine proteases will play a significant role in this review. In the last decades, proteases have been suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity, which is a major factor contributing to abdominal pain in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and/or irritable bowel syndrome. So far, only a few preclinical animal studies have investigated the effect of protease inhibitors specifically on visceral sensitivity while their effect on inflammation is described in more detail. In our accompanying review we describe their effect on gastrointestinal permeability. On account of their promising results in the field of visceral hypersensitivity, further research is warranted. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the concept of visceral hypersensitivity as well as on the physiological and pathophysiological functions of proteases herein. |
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Bibliography: | Hannah Ceuleers;Hanne Van Spaendonk;Nikita Hanning;Jelena Heirbaut;Anne-Marie Lambeir;Jurgen Joossens;Koen Augustyns;Joris G De Man;Ingrid De Meester;Benedicte Y De Winter;Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Antwerp;Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, University of Antwerp;Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Antwerp Drug Discovery Network, University of Antwerp ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 Correspondence to: Benedicte Y De Winter, Professor, MD, PhD, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium. benedicte.dewinter@uantwerpen.be Supported by University Research Fund Doctoral Projects (BOF-DOCPRO), No. DOCPRO4 2014/ID 2964; and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), No. G034113N. Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical review and editing and approval of the final version. Telephone: +32-3-2652710 Fax: +32-3-2652567 |
ISSN: | 1007-9327 2219-2840 |
DOI: | 10.3748/wjg.v22.i47.10275 |