Altered somatic hypermutation patterns in COVID-19 patients classifies disease severity

The success of the human body in fighting SARS-CoV2 infection relies on lymphocytes and their antigen receptors. Identifying and characterizing clinically relevant receptors is of utmost importance. We report here the application of a machine learning approach, utilizing B cell receptor repertoire s...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 14; p. 1031914
Main Authors Safra, Modi, Tamari, Zvi, Polak, Pazit, Shiber, Shachaf, Matan, Moshe, Karameh, Hani, Helviz, Yigal, Levy-Barda, Adva, Yahalom, Vered, Peretz, Avi, Ben-Chetrit, Eli, Brenner, Baruch, Tuller, Tamir, Gal-Tanamy, Meital, Yaari, Gur
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 19.04.2023
Subjects
AIRR-seq
B cell
B-Lymphocytes
BCR
COVID-19
Humans
Immunology
machine learning
Patient Acuity
Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell - genetics
RNA, Viral
SARS-CoV-2 - genetics
somatic hypermutation
AIRR-seq
BCR
COVID-19
B cell
somatic hypermutation
machine learning
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Summary:The success of the human body in fighting SARS-CoV2 infection relies on lymphocytes and their antigen receptors. Identifying and characterizing clinically relevant receptors is of utmost importance. We report here the application of a machine learning approach, utilizing B cell receptor repertoire sequencing data from severely and mildly infected individuals with SARS-CoV2 compared with uninfected controls. In contrast to previous studies, our approach successfully stratifies non-infected from infected individuals, as well as disease level of severity. The features that drive this classification are based on somatic hypermutation patterns, and point to alterations in the somatic hypermutation process in COVID-19 patients. These features may be used to build and adapt therapeutic strategies to COVID-19, in particular to quantitatively assess potential diagnostic and therapeutic antibodies. These results constitute a proof of concept for future epidemiological challenges.
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Reviewed by: Valentyn Oksenych, University of Oslo, Norway; Youpeng Fan, Southwest University, China
This article was submitted to Viral Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Edited by: Pei-Hui Wang, Shandong University, China
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1031914