High plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-22 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1ra in acute pancreatitis

• Published in: Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] Vol. 14; no. 6; pp. 465 - 469
• Main Authors: Vasseur, Philippe, Devaure, Iris, Sellier, Jacques, Delwail, Adriana, Chagneau-Derrode, Carine, Charier, Florian, Tougeron, David, Tasu, Jean-Pierre, Rabeony, Hanitriniaina, Lecron, Jean-Claude, Silvain, Christine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Elsevier B.V 01.11.2014; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Acute pancreatitis; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacterial infections; Cytokines; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Female; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Humans; IL-10; IL-1ra; IL-22; Infections - complications; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein - blood; Interleukin-10 - blood; Interleukin-22; Interleukins - blood; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Necrosis infection; Pancreas; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing - blood; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing - complications; Plasma; Pleural Effusion, Malignant - complications; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Respiratory distress syndrome; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult; Acute pancreatitis; Necrosis infection; IL-1ra; SAP; IL; Cytokines; severe acute pancreatitis; interleukine; IL-22; IL-10; acute pancreatits; AP
• ISSN: 1424-3903; 1424-3911
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2014.08.005

Abstract Background/objectives Pancreatic acinar cells are major targets of IL-22. Our aim is to study early plasma levels of IL-22, of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in acute pancreatitis, and their association with severity or necrosis infection. Methods Consecutive patients admitted to the Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology at Poitiers University of Medicine Hospital (France) with a diagnosis of AP were prospectively enrolled. Plasma concentrations of IL-22, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1 α, IL-1β, TNF- α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-10, IL-1ra and IL-4 were assessed by multiple immunoassay at the admission time. A thoracoabdominal contrast-enhanced CT scan was performed at day 2. Results Sixty-two patients were included; 13 patients (21%) had a severe acute pancreatitis, 5 patients (8%) developed necrosis infection and 29 patients (47%) had pleural effusion. Plasma levels of IL-22 were high in AP (135 ± 31 vs 4.2 ± 1.8 pg/ml for controls, p  < 0.05), but did not correlate with the severity of the disease, whereas IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1ra where enhanced in patients with severe acute pancreatitis and with pleural effusion. Patients who further developed necrosis infection had higher levels of IL-1ra at admission ( p  = 0.0004). Conclusion In acute pancreatitis, high plasma levels of IL-22 are observed, regardless the severity of the disease. In contrast, severe forms were associated with increased levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1ra. The beneficial or deleterious role of IL-22 in AP remains to be further studied.