Mediterranean versus Red sea corals facing climate change, a transcriptome analysis

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 42405
• Main Authors: Maor-Landaw, Keren, Waldman Ben-Asher, Hiba, Karako-Lampert, Sarit, Salmon-Divon, Mali, Prada, Fiorella, Caroselli, Erik, Goffredo, Stefano, Falini, Giuseppe, Dubinsky, Zvy, Levy, Oren
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 09.02.2017
• Subjects: Acidification; Adherens Junctions - metabolism; Animals; Anthozoa - genetics; Anthozoa - metabolism; Carbon dioxide; Climate Change; Computational Biology - methods; Corals; Energy metabolism; Gene expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Ontology; Gene regulation; Global warming; Indian Ocean; Mediterranean Sea; pH effects; Reproducibility of Results; Signal Transduction; Temperature effects; Transcriptome; Red Sea
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep42405

The anthropogenic increase in atmospheric CO that drives global warming and ocean acidification raises serious concerns regarding the future of corals, the main carbonate biomineralizers. Here we used transcriptome analysis to study the effect of long-term gradual temperature increase (annual rate), combined with lowered pH values, on a sub-tropical Red Sea coral, Stylophora pistillata, and on a temperate Mediterranean symbiotic coral Balanophyllia europaea. The gene expression profiles revealed a strong effect of both temperature increase and pH decrease implying for synergism response. The temperate coral, exposed to a twice as high range of seasonal temperature fluctuations than the Red Sea species, faced stress more effectively. The compensatory strategy for coping apparently involves deviating cellular resources into a massive up-regulation of genes in general, and specifically of genes involved in the generation of metabolic energy. Our results imply that sub-lethal, prolonged exposure to stress can stimulate evolutionary increase in stress resilience.