Induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity to the NS1 protein of TBEV with recombinant Influenza virus and MVA affords partial protection against lethal TBEV infection in mice

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is one of the most relevant tick-transmitted neurotropic arboviruses in Europe and Asia and the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Annually more than 10,000 TBE cases are reported despite having vaccines available. In Europe, the vaccines FSME-IMMU...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 14; p. 1177324
Main Authors Beicht, Jana, Kubinski, Mareike, Zdora, Isabel, Puff, Christina, Biermann, Jeannine, Gerlach, Thomas, Baumgärtner, Wolfgang, Sutter, Gerd, Osterhaus, Albert D M E, Prajeeth, Chittappen Kandiyil, Rimmelzwaan, Guus F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 07.07.2023
Subjects
IAV
Immunology
MVA
NS1
protection
TBEV
vaccination
TBEV
MVA
protection
T cells
NS1
virus-neutralizing antibodies
IAV
vaccination
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Summary:Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is one of the most relevant tick-transmitted neurotropic arboviruses in Europe and Asia and the causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Annually more than 10,000 TBE cases are reported despite having vaccines available. In Europe, the vaccines FSME-IMMUN® and Encepur® based on formaldehyde-inactivated whole viruses are licensed. However, demanding vaccination schedules contribute to sub-optimal vaccination uptake and breakthrough infections have been reported repeatedly. Due to its immunogenic properties as well as its role in viral replication and disease pathogenesis, the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of flaviviruses has become of interest for non-virion based flavivirus vaccine candidates in recent years. Therefore, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of TBEV NS1 expressed by neuraminidase (NA)-deficient Influenza A virus (IAV) or Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors were investigated in this study. With these recombinant viral vectors TBEV NS1-specific antibody and T cell responses were induced. Upon heterologous prime/boost regimens partial protection against lethal TBEV challenge infection was afforded in mice. This supports the inclusion of NS1 as a vaccine component in next generation TBEV vaccines.
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These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
Edited by: Leyi Wang, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
Reviewed by: Jianqiang Ye, Yangzhou University, China; Elizaveta Starodubova, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology (RAS), Russia
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177324