Effects of Whey Peptide Supplementation on Sarcopenic Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 20; p. 4402
• Main Authors: Lim, Gahyun, Lim, Yunsook
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.10.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: adipocyte differentiation; adipogenesis; Adipose tissue; Aging; Animals; Apoptosis; BAX protein; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Biodegradation; Body composition; Body fat; Comorbidity; Diet; Diet therapy; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Dietary Supplements; Energy metabolism; Exercise; Health aspects; High fat diet; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Male; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Middle age; mRNA; Muscle strength; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Obesity; Obesity - metabolism; Oxidative stress; Peptides; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; Physical fitness; protein degradation; Protein synthesis; Protein turnover; Proteins; Proteolysis; resistant exercise; RNA; RNA, Messenger; Sarcopenia; Sarcopenia - complications; Sarcopenia - drug therapy; sarcopenic obesity; Skeletal muscle; Tissue analysis; Variance analysis; Whey; Whey - metabolism; whey peptide; Whey products; Whey Proteins - pharmacology; South Korea; Massachusetts; Japan; United States > US; resistant exercise; adipogenesis; sarcopenic obesity; adipocyte differentiation; protein degradation; whey peptide
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14204402

The incidence of sarcopenic obesity gradually increased in parallel with the aged population. This research examined the effects of whey peptide (WP) supplementation with/without resistant exercise (RE) on sarcopenic obesity. Male 8-month-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (10 kcal% fat) or a high-fat diet (60 kcal% fat) for 8 weeks. High-fat diet-fed mice were randomly divided into four groups: obesity control group (OB), RE (RE only), WP (WP only), and WPE (RE and WP). WP supplementation (1500 mg/day/kg B.W.) gavage and RE (ladder climbing, five times weekly, 8−10 repetitions, 10−20% B.W. load) were conducted for an additional 8 weeks. Protein and mRNA levels of markers related to energy, protein, and lipid metabolism were analyzed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). WP supplementation regardless of RE significantly suppressed the increasing fat mass (p = 0.016) and decreasing lean mass (p = 0.014) and alleviated abnormal morphological changes in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue (p < 0.001). In adipose tissue, WP supplementation regardless of RE ameliorated dysregulated energy metabolism and contributed to the reduction in adipocyte differentiation (PPAR-γ (p = 0.017), C/EBPα (p = 0.034)). In skeletal muscle, WP supplementation regardless of RE alleviated energy metabolism dysregulation and resulted in down-regulated protein degradation (Atrogin-1 (p = 0.003), MuRF1 (p = 0.006)) and apoptosis (Bax) (p = 0.004). Taken together, the current study elucidated that WP supplementation regardless of RE has potential anti-obesity and anti-sarcopenic effects in sarcopenic obesity.