Hair dye-sensitized hairdressers: the cross-reaction pattern with new generation hair dyes

• Published in: Contact dermatitis Vol. 46; no. 6; pp. 319 - 324
• Main Authors: Fuchs, Anne, Van Der Walle, Henk, Henny, Vida, Smits, Luuk
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Munksgaard International Publishers 01.06.2002; Blackwell
• Subjects: 2-nitro-4-phenylenediamine; 4-phenylenediamine; 5-diaminotoluene sulfate; Allergens - adverse effects; Allergic diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Cross Reactions; cross-reaction; D & C dyes; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - immunology; Dermatitis, Occupational - etiology; Dermatitis, Occupational - immunology; Domestic and cosmetic products toxicology; FD & C dyes; hair dye allergy; Hair Dyes - adverse effects; hairdresser; Hand Dermatoses - chemically induced; Hand Dermatoses - immunology; Humans; Immunopathology; Medical sciences; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines - adverse effects; prevention; Skin allergic diseases. Stinging insect allergies; Toxicology; Cosmetic; Human; Immunopathology; Allergy; Skin disease; Dyes; New product; Toxicity; Hair dye; Occupational exposure; Formulation; Cross reaction; Hairdresser; Occupational medicine; Allergen
• ISSN: 0105-1873; 1600-0536
• DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460601.x

Hair dye allergies are a frequent cause of occupational skin disease among hairdressers. Conventional hair dyes contain 4‐phenylenediamine (PPD), 2, 5‐diaminotoluene sulfate (DTS) and 2‐nitro‐4‐phenylenediamine (ONPPD) as allergens. In new generation hair dyes, FD & C and D & C dyes are used in the hair dye formulations. This study investigated the cross‐reaction pattern of new generation hair dyes among hairdressers (n = 40) with a known allergy to PPD and/or DTS and/or ONPPD. In the 40 hairdressers no positive reactions were observed to the single FD & C and D & C dyes. In two hairdressers, doubtful reactions were observed to one or more of the hair dye formulations. The data from this study suggest that for hairdressers sensitized to PPD and/or DTS and/or ONPPD this new generation of hair dyes is a safe alternative for use in their salons.