Controlling the Crystallisation and Hydration State of Crystalline Porous Organic Salts

• Published in: Chemistry : a European journal Vol. 29; no. 64; pp. e202302420 - n/a
• Main Authors: O'Shaughnessy, Megan, Padgham, Alex C., Clowes, Rob, Little, Marc A., Brand, Michael C., Qu, Hang, Slater, Anna G., Cooper, Andrew I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 16.11.2023; John Wiley and Sons Inc
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Alcohols; Carbon dioxide; Carbon sequestration; Chemistry; crystalline porous organic salts; Crystallinity; Crystallization; Crystals; Dehydration; dehydration protocol; Direct conversion; Excess water; flow chemistry; High-throughput screening; Methane; Organic salts; Porous materials; Solvents; dehydration protocol; crystalline porous organic salts; porous materials; high-throughput screening; flow chemistry
• ISSN: 0947-6539; 1521-3765
• DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302420

Crystalline porous organic salts (CPOS) are a subclass of molecular crystals. The low solubility of CPOS and their building blocks limits the choice of crystallisation solvents to water or polar alcohols, hindering the isolation, scale‐up, and scope of the porous material. In this work, high throughput screening was used to expand the solvent scope, resulting in the identification of a new porous salt, CPOS‐7, formed from tetrakis(4‐sulfophenyl)methane (TSPM) and tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)methane (TAPM). CPOS‐7 does not form with standard solvents for CPOS, rather a hydrated phase (Hydrate2920) previously reported is isolated. Initial attempts to translate the crystallisation to batch led to challenges with loss of crystallinity and Hydrate2920 forming favorably in the presence of excess water. Using acetic acid as a dehydrating agent hindered formation of Hydrate2920 and furthermore allowed for direct conversion to CPOS‐7. To allow for direct formation of CPOS‐7 in high crystallinity flow chemistry was used for the first time to circumvent the issues found in batch. CPOS‐7 and Hydrate2920 were shown to have promise for water and CO2 capture, with CPOS‐7 having a CO2 uptake of 4.3 mmol/g at 195 K, making it one of the most porous CPOS reported to date. High throughput screening was used to rapidly identify a new crystalline porous salt (CPOS). Using flow chemistry, the CPOS was scaled, and the material was shown to have permeant porosity with a carbon dioxide uptake of 4.3 mmol/g at 195 K, making it one of the most porous and scalable CPOS reported to date.