Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. A minireview

Bilateral ovariectomy is the best characterized and the most reported animal model of human menopause. Ovariectomized rodents develop insulin resistance (IR) and visceral obesity, the main risk factors in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). These alterations are a consequence of hypoestr...

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Published inMolecular and cellular biochemistry Vol. 475; no. 1-2; pp. 261 - 276
Main Authors Medina-Contreras, JML, Villalobos-Molina, R, Zarain-Herzberg, A, Balderas-Villalobos, J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.12.2020
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adipose tissues
Analysis
Animal models
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cardiology
Cardiovascular diseases
Clinical trials
Dyslipidemia
Fatty liver
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Life Sciences
Medical Biochemistry
Menopause
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Obesity
Oncology
Ovariectomy
Oxidative stress
Pathophysiology
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Rodents
Steatosis
Testosterone
Type 2 diabetes
Xenoestrogens
Hypoestrogenism
Menopause model
Ovariectomy
Metabolic syndrome
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Summary:Bilateral ovariectomy is the best characterized and the most reported animal model of human menopause. Ovariectomized rodents develop insulin resistance (IR) and visceral obesity, the main risk factors in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). These alterations are a consequence of hypoestrogenic status, which produces an augment of visceral fat, high testosterone levels (hyperandrogenism), as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic complications, such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and endothelial dysfunction, among others. Clinical trials have reported that menopause per se increases the severity and incidence of MS, and causes the highest mortality due to cardiovascular disease in women. Despite all the evidence, there are no reports that clarify the influence of estrogenic deficiency as a cause of MS. In this review, we provide evidence that ovariectomized rodents can be used as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model for evaluating and discovering new, safe, and effective therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiometabolic complications associated to MS during menopause.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ISSN:0300-8177
1573-4919
DOI:10.1007/s11010-020-03879-4