Genotypes and Genetic Variability of Hepatitis B Virus

Sequence heterogeneity is a feature of hepatitis B virus (HBV), the prototype member of the family Hepadnaviridae. Based on an intergroup divergence of greater than 7.5% across the complete genome, HBV has been classified phylogenetically into 9 genotypes, A-I, with a putative 10th genotype ‘J'...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIntervirology Vol. 57; no. 3-4; pp. 141 - 150
Main Author Kramvis, Anna
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.01.2014
Subjects
Background on Hepatitis B Virus
Base Sequence
DNA, Viral - genetics
Genetic Variation
Genome, Viral - genetics
Genotype
Geography
Hepadnaviridae
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B virus - classification
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Humans
Phylogeny
Phylogenetic analysis
Serological subtype
Subgenotype
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Summary:Sequence heterogeneity is a feature of hepatitis B virus (HBV), the prototype member of the family Hepadnaviridae. Based on an intergroup divergence of greater than 7.5% across the complete genome, HBV has been classified phylogenetically into 9 genotypes, A-I, with a putative 10th genotype ‘J', isolated from a single individual. With between approximately 4 and 8% intergroup nucleotide divergence across the complete genome and good bootstrap support, genotypes A-D, F, H, and I are classified further into subgenotypes. There is a broad and highly statistically significant correlation between serological subtypes and genotypes, and in some cases, serological subtypes can be used to differentiate subgenotypes. The genotypes, and certain subgenotypes, have distinct geographical distributions and are important in both the clinical manifestation of infection and response to antiviral therapy. HBV genotypes/subgenotypes and genetic variability of HBV are useful in epidemiological and transmission studies, tracing human migrations, and in predicting the risk for the development of severe liver disease and response to antiviral therapy. Moreover, knowledge of the genotype/subgenotype is important in implementing preventative strategies. Thus, it is crucial that new strains are correctly assigned to their respective genotype/subgenotype and consistent, unambiguous, and generally accepted nomenclature is utilized.
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ISBN:3318026883
9783318026887
ISSN:0300-5526
1423-0100
1423-0100
DOI:10.1159/000360947