Bullous pemphigoid: The role of type 2 inflammation in its pathogenesis and the prospect of targeted therapy

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disease that mainly occurs in the elderly, severely affecting their health and life quality. Traditional therapy for BP is mainly based on the systemic use of corticosteroids, but long-term use of corticosteroids results in a series of side effects. Type 2 in...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 14; p. 1115083
Main Authors Zhang, Luyao, Chen, Zihua, Wang, Lanting, Luo, Xiaoqun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 16.02.2023
Subjects
Aged
Autoimmune Diseases
bullous pemphigoid
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
eosinophils
Humans
Immunity, Innate
immunoglobulin E
Immunology
Inflammation
Lymphocytes
Pemphigoid, Bullous
targeted therapy
type 2 inflammation
targeted therapy
eosinophils
bullous pemphigoid
immunoglobulin E
type 2 inflammation
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Summary:Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disease that mainly occurs in the elderly, severely affecting their health and life quality. Traditional therapy for BP is mainly based on the systemic use of corticosteroids, but long-term use of corticosteroids results in a series of side effects. Type 2 inflammation is an immune response largely mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells, type 2 T helper cells, eosinophils, and inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Among patients with BP, the levels of immunoglobulin E and eosinophils are significantly increased in the peripheral blood and skin lesions, suggesting that the pathogenesis is tightly related to type 2 inflammation. To date, various targeted drugs have been developed to treat type 2 inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the general process of type 2 inflammation, its role in the pathogenesis of BP and potential therapeutic targets and medications related to type 2 inflammation. The content of this review may contribute to the development of more effective drugs with fewer side effects for the treatment of BP.
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Edited by: Gaetano Isola, University of Catania, Italy
This article was submitted to Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders: Autoimmune Disorders, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Reviewed by: Christoph M. Hammers, University of Kiel, Germany; Angelo Valerio Marzano, University of Milan, Italy
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115083