Risk of chronic fatigue syndrome after COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study of 3227281 patients

• Published in: Journal of infection and public health Vol. 17; no. 11; p. 102559
• Main Authors: Chen, Chih-Wei, Lee, Hsun-Hua, Chang, Shu-Hao, Chen, Yi-Ling, Wang, Yu-Hsun, Leong, Pui-Ying, Wei, James Cheng-Chung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Chronic fatigue syndrome; COVID-19; Hypertensive disease; Ischemic heart diseases; Overweight and obesity; COVID-19; Ischemic heart diseases; Chronic fatigue syndrome; Hypertensive disease; Overweight and obesity
• ISSN: 1876-0341; 1876-035X; 1876-035X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102559

Many patients who recovered from COVID-19 still suffer from chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It was observed that patients with comorbidities were more prone to developing CFS. This research investigates the risk of post-COVID-19 CFS to assist healthcare professionals in reducing the risk of CFS. A retrospective cohort study is conducted to investigate the risk of post-COVID-19 CFS based on the TriNetX-sourced electronic health records. Factors including age, sex, race, vaccination, and severity of COVID-19 are analysed. Propensity score matching was applied to balance COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were used to perform the relationship between COVID-19 and CFS risk. This research involved 3227281 patients with COVID-19 and 3227281 with non-COVID-19 between 1st January 2020 and 31st December 2023. The incidence of CFS was higher in the COVID-19 group compared to the non-COVID-19 group at 1 follow-up intervals (HR 1.59, 95 % CI = 1.54–1.63). Subgroup analysis revealed increased CFS risk across different age groups (>18), sexes, races, and comorbid conditions, with notable variations. COVID-19 patients have a higher risk of developing CFS compared to individuals without COVID-19. The increased risk is particularly significant in adults aged 18 years and older.