The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the incidence of emergency department visits due to injuries and the most typical fractures in 4 Finnish hospitals

• Published in: Acta orthopaedica Vol. 93; pp. 360 - 366
• Main Authors: Nygren, Henri, Kopra, Juho, Kröger, Heikki, Kuitunen, Ilari, Mattila, Ville M, Ponkilainen, Ville, Rikkonen, Toni, Sund, Reijo, Sirola, Joonas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Sweden Medical Journals Sweden, on behalf of the Nordic Orthopedic Federation 07.03.2022; Medical Journals Sweden
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Communicable Disease Control - methods; Comorbidity; coronavirus; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - transmission; Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data; Female; Finland - epidemiology; Follow-Up Studies; Hip Fractures - epidemiology; Hospitalization - trends; Humans; Incidence; injury; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Quarantine; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; trauma; Young Adult; Finland
• ISSN: 1745-3674; 1745-3682
• DOI: 10.2340/17453674.2022.2252

COVID-19 lockdowns have affected personal mobility and behavior worldwide. This study compared the number of emergency department (ED) visits due to injuries and typical low-energy fractures in Finland during the COVID-19 lockdown period in spring 2020 to the reference period in 2019. The data was collected retrospectively from the electronic patient records of 4 hospitals covering 1/5 of the Finnish population. We included the patients who were admitted to a hospital ED due to any injury during the lockdown period (March 18-May 31, 2020) and the reference period (March 18-May 31, 2019). We compared the differences between the average daily ED admissions in the 2 years using the zero-inflated Poisson regression model. The overall number of ED visits due to injuries decreased by 16% (mean 134/day vs. 113/day, 95% CI -18 to -13). The number of ED visits due to wrist fractures decreased among women aged over 50 years by 40% (CI -59 to -9). Among women, the number of ED visits due to ankle fractures decreased by 32% (CI -52 to -5). The number of ED visits due to fractures of the upper end of the humerus decreased by 52% (CI -71 to -22) among women. The number of ED visits due to hip fractures increased by 2% (CI -16 to 24). Restrictions in personal mobility decreased the number of ED visits due to injuries during the pandemic. The effect can mainly be seen as a decreased number of the most typical low-energy fractures among women. In contrast, lockdown restrictions had no effect on the number of hip fractures.