Division orientation: disentangling shape and mechanical forces

Oriented cell divisions are essential for the generation of cell diversity and for tissue shaping during morphogenesis. Cells in tissues are mechanically linked to their neighbors, upon which they impose, and from which they experience, physical force. Recent work in multiple systems has revealed th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Vol. 18; no. 11; pp. 1187 - 1198
Main Authors Finegan, Tara M., Bergstralh, Dan T.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Taylor & Francis 03.06.2019
Subjects
Epithelia
extrinsic forces
Review
spindle orientation
tension
tension
extrinsic forces
Epithelia
spindle orientation
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Summary:Oriented cell divisions are essential for the generation of cell diversity and for tissue shaping during morphogenesis. Cells in tissues are mechanically linked to their neighbors, upon which they impose, and from which they experience, physical force. Recent work in multiple systems has revealed that tissue-level physical forces can influence the orientation of cell division. A long-standing question is whether forces are communicated to the spindle orienting machinery via cell shape or directly via mechanosensing intracellular machinery. In this article, we review the current evidence from diverse model systems that show spindles are oriented by tissue-level physical forces and evaluate current models and molecular mechanisms proposed to explain how the spindle orientation machinery responds to extrinsic force.
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ISSN:1538-4101
1551-4005
DOI:10.1080/15384101.2019.1617006