Modulating intestinal immune responses by lipoteichoic acid-deficient Lactobacillus acidophilus

• Published in: Immunotherapy Vol. 4; no. 2; pp. 151 - 161
• Main Authors: Khan, Mohammad W, Zadeh, Mojgan, Bere, Praveen, Gounaris, Elias, Owen, Jennifer, Klaenhammer, Todd, Mohamadzadeh, Mansour
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01.02.2012
• Subjects: Animals; Antigens, Bacterial - immunology; Antigens, Bacterial - metabolism; Antigens, CD - metabolism; Bacteria; Cell walls; Cells, Cultured; Colitis; Colitis - therapy; Colon; Colon - pathology; Commensals; Dendritic cells; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - metabolism; Dendritic Cells - pathology; Disease; Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism; Foxp3 protein; Health aspects; Homeostasis; Human subjects; Immune response; Immune system; Immunomodulation; Immunotherapy; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Interleukin 10; Interleukin-10 - genetics; Interleukin-10 - immunology; Interleukin-10 - metabolism; Intestine; Lactobacillus acidophilus; Lactobacillus acidophilus - immunology; Lipopolysaccharides - deficiency; Lipopolysaccharides - immunology; Lipopolysaccharides - metabolism; Lipoteichoic acid; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Macrophages, Peritoneal - immunology; Macrophages, Peritoneal - metabolism; Macrophages, Peritoneal - pathology; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy; Oral administration; Physiological aspects; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - metabolism; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - pathology; T-Lymphocyte Subsets - transplantation; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - pathology; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - transplantation; Teichoic Acids - immunology; Teichoic Acids - metabolism; Up-Regulation; United States
• ISSN: 1750-743X; 1750-7448
• DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.163

To investigate the mechanism(s) by which the intestinal commensal microbe Lactobacillus acidophilus can affect host immunity, we studied the role of a component of the cell wall, lipoteichoic acid, in colitis. Colitis was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of pathogenic CD4(+)CD25(-)CD45RB(hi) T cells into Rag1(-/-) mice. The parental strain, NCK56, or the lipoteichoic acid-deficient strain, NCK2025, was then administered orally. Fluorescent microscopy was employed to examine resulting cell populations and their cytokine production in the colon. NCK2025 enhanced IL-10 production by dendritic cells and macrophages. Increased numbers of regulatory dendritic cells coincided with the induction of activated FoxP3(+) Tregs. These results suggest that the oral administration of the genetically modified strain NCK2025 may be an effective immunotherapeutic approach that reprograms the immune response in colonic inflammatory conditions.