Elimination kinetics of perfluorohexanoic acid in humans and comparison with mouse, rat and monkey

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 93; no. 10; pp. 2419 - 2425
• Main Authors: Russell, Mark H., Nilsson, Helena, Buck, Robert C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: animal models; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; blood; body weight; Caproates - metabolism; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases; Clearance; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Environmental Pollutants - metabolism; Fluorocarbons - metabolism; Half-Life; Haplorhini - metabolism; Human; Humans; Kinetics; Mammals; Medical sciences; Mice; monkeys; Perfluorohexanoic acid; PFHxA; pharmacokinetics; Rats; risk assessment; Species Specificity; technicians; Toxicology; Various organic compounds; Human; PFHxA; Half-life; Clearance; Mammals; Perfluorohexanoic acid; Biological fluid; Rat; Monkey; Blood; Biological monitoring; Carboxylic acid; Primates; Half life; Organic perhalocompound; Interspecific comparison; Rodentia; Elimination; Toxicokinetics; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Mouse; Animal; Kinetics; Fluorine Organic compounds
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.060

•Elimination half-life of PFHxA determined from blood of ski wax technicians.•Geomean human elimination half-life of PFHxA is 32d (range 14–49d).•Elimination half-life of PFHxA in mammalian species is proportional to body weight.•Rate of PFHxA elimination from mammals is useful for subsequent risk assessment. Major fluorinated chemical manufacturers have developed new short-chain per- and polyfluorinated substances with more favorable environmental, health and safety profiles. This study provides the first evaluation of the elimination half-life of perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) from the blood of humans. PFHxA biomonitoring data were obtained from a recently published study of professional ski wax technicians. These data were analyzed to provide estimates of the apparent half-life of PFHxA from humans, and comparisons were made with kinetic studies of PFHxA elimination from mice, rats and monkeys. The apparent elimination half-life of PFHxA in highly exposed humans ranged between 14 and 49d with a geomean of 32d. The half-lives of PFHxA in mice, rats, monkeys and humans were proportional to body weight with no differences observed between genders, indicating similar volumes of distribution and similar elimination mechanisms among mammalian species. Compared to long-chain perfluoroalkyl acid analogs, PFHxA is rapidly cleared from biota. The consistent weight-normalized elimination half-lives for PFHxA in mammalian species indicates that results obtained from animal models are suitable for establishment of PFHxA benchmark dose and reference dose hazard endpoints for use in human risk assessments.