Patterns of Disease Monitoring and Treatment among Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex-Related Angiomyolipomas

• Published in: Urology (Ridgewood, N.J.) Vol. 104; pp. 110 - 114
• Main Authors: Swallow, Elyse, MPP, King, Sarah, BA, Song, Jinlin, PhD, Peeples, Miranda, BA, Signorovitch, James E., PhD, Liu, Zhimei, PhD, Prestifilippo, Judith, MD, Frost, Michael, MD, Kohrman, Michael, MD, Korf, Bruce, MD, PhD, Krueger, Darcy, MD, Sparagana, Steven, MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Urology; mTOR inhibitor; treatment; angiomyolipoma; monitor; Tuberous sclerosis complex; surgery
• ISSN: 0090-4295; 1527-9995
• DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.02.036

Abstract Objective To use the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) Natural History Database to describe monitoring and treatment patterns among patients with TSC-related angiomyolipomas (AMLs). Materials And Methods This study used the TSC Natural History Database, which contains demographics, affected areas, diagnosis, and treatments for over 1,300 TSC patients enrolled in 16 participating clinics during 2006-2013. Patient characteristics, AML monitoring tests, and AML treatments were assessed. Results Among the 621 patients with TSC-related AMLs, 54% were female; 77% were Caucasian. Median age at TSC diagnosis was <1 year, while median age at AML diagnosis was 9.8 years. Most patients (84%) had at least one monitoring test following AML diagnosis. The most commonly used tests were MRI (65% of patients), ultrasound (62%), and CT (41%). Between 2000 and 2012, MRI made up an increasingly large proportion of the total number of monitoring tests. Once diagnosed, 155 (25%) of patients received treatment for AML. The median time from diagnosis to first treatment was 3.8 years. The most common treatments were embolization (10%), everolimus (9%), sirolimus (6%), and nephrectomy (6%). The rate of nephrectomies declined over time, with none conducted during 2011 and 2012. No subsequent surgeries were reported among the 71 patients who received mTOR inhibitor as first-line therapy. Conclusion The use of MRIs increased between 2000 and 2012 among patients with TSC-AML. The majority of TSC-AML patients did not receive treatment for angiomyolipoma. Use of nephrectomy decreased over the study period and was particularly rare in patients who initiated an mTOR inhibitor.