Role of Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Papillomavirus Coinfection in Cervical Cancer: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Perspectives

High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is etiologically associated with the development and progression of cervical cancer, although other factors are involved. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection in premalignant and malignant tissues from uterine cervix has been widely reported; however, its contri...

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Published inPathogens (Basel) Vol. 9; no. 9; p. 685
Main Authors Blanco, Rancés, Carrillo-Beltrán, Diego, Osorio, Julio C., Calaf, Gloria M, Aguayo, Francisco
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 21.08.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Amino acids
Apoptosis
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell cycle
Cervical cancer
Cervical carcinoma
Cervix
coinfection
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA damage
Epidemiology
Epithelial cells
Epstein-Barr virus
Etiology
Genes
Genomes
Human papillomavirus
Hybridization
Immunosuppression
Infections
Kinases
Lymphocytes
Lymphoma
Protein expression
Proteins
Review
Telomerase
tissue-infiltrating lymphocytes
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumors
Uterine cancer
Uterus
Viral infections
Viruses
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Summary:High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is etiologically associated with the development and progression of cervical cancer, although other factors are involved. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection in premalignant and malignant tissues from uterine cervix has been widely reported; however, its contribution to cervical cancer development is still unclear. Here, a comprehensive analysis regarding EBV presence and its potential role in cervical cancer, the frequency of EBV/HR-HPV coinfection in uterine cervix and EBV infection in tissue-infiltrating lymphocytes were revised. Overall, reports suggest a potential link of EBV to the development of cervical carcinomas in two possible pathways: (1) Infecting epithelial cells, thus synergizing with HR-HPV (direct pathway), and/or (2) infecting tissue-infiltrating lymphocytes that could generate local immunosuppression (indirect pathway). In situ hybridization (ISH) and/or immunohistochemical methods are mandatory for discriminating the cell type infected by EBV. However, further studies are needed for a better understanding of the EBV/HR-HPV coinfection role in cervical carcinogenesis.
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ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens9090685