Gut-Brain Axis in the Early Postnatal Years of Life: A Developmental Perspective

In the first two to three years of life, the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the brain in humans occurs in parallel. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the development of the GI tract during this critical period can influence brain development and vice-versa. It is inc...

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Published inFrontiers in integrative neuroscience Vol. 14; p. 44
Main Authors Jena, Ankita, Montoya, Carlos A., Mullaney, Jane A., Dilger, Ryan N., Young, Wayne, McNabb, Warren C., Roy, Nicole C.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 05.08.2020
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Age
Apoptosis
brain
Brain research
Child development
cognition
Communication
Critical period
Digestive system
Digestive tract
Gastrointestinal tract
gut-brain axis
Metabolism
metabolites
Neurogenesis
Neuroscience
Physiology
postnatal development
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Summary:In the first two to three years of life, the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the brain in humans occurs in parallel. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the development of the GI tract during this critical period can influence brain development and vice-versa. It is increasingly recognized that communication between the GI tract and brain is mainly driven by neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic mediators, collectively called the gut-brain axis (GBA). However, it is unclear whether changes in the GBA during the early postnatal period also occur in response to the parallel development of the GI tract and brain. This review summarizes the current understanding of the communication between the GI tract and brain in response to their development in the early postnatal period.
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Edited by: Martín Cammarota, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
Reviewed by: Antonio Pereira, Federal University of Pará, Brazil; Raul Aguilar-Roblero, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
ISSN:1662-5145
1662-5145
DOI:10.3389/fnint.2020.00044