Genetically modified Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) producing Escherichia coli is a vaccine candidate for porcine edema disease

• Published in: Microbial pathogenesis Vol. 31; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Makino, Sou-Ichi, Watarai, Masahisa, Tabuchi, Hiroyuki, Shirahata, Toshikazu, Furuoka, Hidefumi, Kobayashi, Yoshiyasu, Takeda, Yoshifumi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.07.2001; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Bacterial Vaccines - genetics; Bacterial Vaccines - immunology; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Cercopithecus aethiops; Edema Disease of Swine - pathology; Edema Disease of Swine - prevention & control; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli - genetics; Escherichia coli - immunology; Escherichia coli - pathogenicity; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Microbiology; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains; pigs; Shiga Toxin 2 - genetics; Shiga Toxin 2 - immunology; Shiga toxin 2e; Stx2e, vaccination, porcine edema disease, Shiga toxin, mutant; Swine; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies; Vaccines, Synthetic - genetics; Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology; Vero Cells; Virology; Asia; Japan; Stx2e, vaccination, porcine edema disease, Shiga toxin, mutant; Edema; Disease; Digestive system; Escherichia coli; Cytotoxicity; Vaccine; Leucine; Pig; Toxin; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Outbreak; Arginine; Immunogenicity; Aminoacid; Bacteria; Genetics; Artiodactyla; Mutation; Cell; Ungulata; Enterobacteriaceae; Glutamine
• ISSN: 0882-4010; 1096-1208
• DOI: 10.1006/mpat.2001.0440

Porcine edema disease (ED) is an enterotoxaemia in pigs after weaning, caused by Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) producing Escherichia coli. Recently in Japan, outbreaks of ED are re-emerging in pig production. In this study we constructed a mutant that retained immunogenicity but lost Vero cell cytotoxicity, which produced genetically modified toxin (Stx2e*) by replacing glutamate with glutamine at position 167 and arginine with leucine at position 170 of the A subunit. Thestx2e * gene was replaced with the stx2egene of the wild type virulent strain by homologous recombination. As the parent wild strain was pathogenic to pigs but the mutant was not, the mutant named as YT106 was given to the pigs to examine its protective immunity against ED. All 20 pigs vaccinated with YT106 survived, but only eight of the 20 non-vaccinated pigs survived after the challenge with a wild strain. Also, the eight pigs that survived had decreased rates of gain relative to those of the controls. Blood IgG and intestinal IgA titres increased 3.3 and 1.6 times more than the control, respectively, showing that YT106 might be a good candidate of a live attenuated vaccine strain to protect against ED.