Shared Genetics of Multiple System Atrophy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

• Published in: Movement disorders Vol. 36; no. 2; pp. 449 - 459
• Main Authors: Shadrin, Alexey A., Mucha, Sören, Ellinghaus, David, Makarious, Mary B., Blauwendraat, Cornelis, Sreelatha, Ashwin A.K., Heras‐Garvin, Antonio, Ding, Jinhui, Hammer, Monia, Foubert‐Samier, Alexandra, Meissner, Wassilios G., Rascol, Olivier, Pavy‐Le Traon, Anne, Frei, Oleksandr, O'Connell, Kevin S., Bahrami, Shahram, Schreiber, Stefan, Lieb, Wolfgang, Müller‐Nurasyid, Martina, Schminke, Ulf, Homuth, Georg, Schmidt, Carsten O., Nöthen, Markus M., Hoffmann, Per, Gieger, Christian, Wenning, Gregor, Gibbs, J. Raphael, Franke, Andre, Hardy, John, Stefanova, Nadia, Gasser, Thomas, Singleton, Andrew, Houlden, Henry, Scholz, Sonja W., Andreassen, Ole A., Sharma, Manu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Norwegian
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.02.2021; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: alpha-Synuclein - genetics; Animals; Atrophy; Autoimmune diseases; C7 gene; Coding; conjunctional false discovery rate; Epidemiology; Etiology; Gene loci; Genetic analysis; genetic overlap; Genetic variability; Genome-wide association studies; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomes; Genotyping; Humans; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - genetics; Intestine; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Movement disorders; multiple system atrophy; Multiple System Atrophy - genetics; Neurodegenerative diseases; Pathogenesis; Phenotypes; Polygenic inheritance; Statistical analysis; Synuclein; Transgenic mice; conjunctional false discovery rate; multiple system atrophy; genetic overlap; inflammatory bowel disease
• ISSN: 0885-3185; 1531-8257
• DOI: 10.1002/mds.28338

Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by intracellular accumulations of α‐synuclein and nerve cell loss in striatonigral and olivopontocerebellar structures. Epidemiological and clinical studies have reported potential involvement of autoimmune mechanisms in MSA pathogenesis. However, genetic etiology of this interaction remains unknown. We aimed to investigate genetic overlap between MSA and 7 autoimmune diseases and to identify shared genetic loci. Methods Genome‐wide association study summary statistics of MSA and 7 autoimmune diseases were combined in cross‐trait conjunctional false discovery rate analysis to explore overlapping genetic background. Expression of selected candidate genes was compared in transgenic MSA mice and wild‐type mice. Genetic variability of candidate genes was further investigated using independent whole‐exome genotyping data from large cohorts of MSA and autoimmune disease patients and healthy controls. Results We observed substantial polygenic overlap between MSA and inflammatory bowel disease and identified 3 shared genetic loci with leading variants upstream of the DENND1B and RSP04 genes, and in intron of the C7 gene. Further, the C7 gene showed significantly dysregulated expression in the degenerating midbrain of transgenic MSA mice compared with wild‐type mice and had elevated burden of protein‐coding variants in independent MSA and inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. Conclusion Our study provides evidence of shared genetic etiology between MSA and inflammatory bowel disease with an important role of the C7 gene in both phenotypes, with the implication of immune and gut dysfunction in MSA pathophysiology. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.