Effect of constant strain rate, composed of varying amplitude and frequency, of early loading on peri-implant bone (re)modelling

• Published in: Journal of clinical periodontology Vol. 34; no. 7; pp. 618 - 624
• Main Authors: De Smet, E., Jaecques, S. V. N., Jansen, J. J., Walboomers, F., Vander Sloten, J., Naert, I. E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2007; Blackwell
• Subjects: animal study; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Density - physiology; Bone Marrow - physiopathology; Bone Marrow - ultrastructure; Bone Remodeling - physiology; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemistry; Dental Alloys - chemistry; Dental Implants; Dental Materials - chemistry; Dentistry; early loading; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; frequency; Guinea Pigs; guinea-pig; implant; Male; Materials Testing; Medical sciences; Non tumoral diseases; Osseointegration - physiology; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; strain; strain rate; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties; Tibia - physiopathology; Tibia - ultrastructure; Titanium - chemistry; Vibration; Amplitude; strain; strain rate; Implant; Rate; Rodentia; Dentistry; Vertebrata; guinea-pig; Mammalia; Guinea pig; animal study; Animal; Frequency; Early; Bone; early loading
• ISSN: 0303-6979; 1600-051X
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01082.x

Aim: Examine the effect of varying components of strain rate – amplitude versus frequency – while maintaining a constant strain rate of early controlled mechanical loading on implant stability, peri‐implant bone mass and bone‐to‐implant contact. Material and Methods: Three groups of guinea‐pigs received TiO2‐blasted implants in both tibiae. One week after installation test implants were loaded 5 days/week during 4 weeks. The contra‐lateral implants were the unloaded controls. Strain rate was kept constant (1600 μɛ/s), while amplitude and frequency were varied per group. Implant stability was followed by resonance frequency analysis. Animals were sacrificed, and ground sections were prepared to rate bone‐to‐implant contact and bone mass. Results: All implants (n=78) integrated uneventfully. A significant positive effect (p=0.03) of early loading on bone mass was observed in the distal medullar cavity. A significant difference in bone mass between test and control implants was evidenced between the groups (p=0.03 and 0.04). A significant increase in implant stability and bone‐to‐implant contact could not be shown. Conclusions: Early controlled stimulation of peri‐implant bone is related to amplitude/frequency and not to strain rate as such, considering a constant stimulation time. An increase of bone mass around early‐loaded implants was shown. This cortical bone model is most sensitive to low‐frequency/high‐amplitude stimulation.