Preliminary evaluation of BMP-2-derived peptide in repairing a peri-implant critical size defect: A canine model

• Published in: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association Vol. 120; no. 5; pp. 1212 - 1220
• Main Authors: Chao, Yueh-Ling, Lin, Li-Deh, Chang, Hao-Hueng, Wang, Tong-Mei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Elsevier B.V 01.05.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Bone morphogenetic protein-2 peptides; Bone Regeneration; Calcium Phosphates; Collagen; Dental implants; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Male; Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; Recombinant Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta; X-Ray Microtomography; Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; Dental implants; Bone regeneration; Bone morphogenetic protein-2 peptides
• ISSN: 0929-6646; 1876-0821
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.07.023

A synthetic bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-derived peptide has been discovered to promote bone regeneration. The present study investigated the potential of the BMP-2 peptide combined with hydroxyapatite (HAp)/β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/collagen (Col) composite in repairing a peri-implant critical size defect. Twenty-four saddle-type alveolar defects (10 mm mesiodistally and 4 mm apicocoronally) were surgically prepared in edentulous ridges in four male beagle dogs. Following implant placement, the defects with vertically exposed implant fixtures received (a) HAp/TCP/Col composite, (b) HAp/TCP/Col + 4 mg/mL BMP-2 peptide, (c) HAp/TCP/Col + 20 mg/mL BMP-2 peptide, or (d) HAp/TCP/Col + 0.2 mg/mL recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2). Bone regeneration and mineralization were assessed using radiography, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), fluorescence labeling, and histologic analyses after healing for 4 or 8 weeks. Implant stability was measured using resonance frequency analysis. The 20 mg/mL BMP-2 peptide groups demonstrated a distinguishable advantage in bone regeneration potential over the control groups, as observed on radiographic imaging and histologic examination, although no significant difference was found in implant stability and histomorphometric analysis of mineralization levels. However, the performance of the 20 mg/mL BMP-2 peptide groups were inferior to that of the 0.2 mg/mL rhBMP-2 groups. The BMP-2 peptide may accelerate peri-implant bone regeneration. The BMP-2 peptide at 20 mg/mL still cannot complete bone repair of peri-implant critical size defect. The BMP-2 peptide at 20 mg/mL has similar osteoinductive performance to the rhBMP-2 at 0.02 mg/mL.