A Role for Myosin 1e in Cortical Granule Exocytosis in Xenopus Oocytes

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 282; no. 40; pp. 29504 - 29513
• Main Authors: Schietroma, Cataldo, Yu, Hoi-Ying, Wagner, Mark C., Umbach, Joy A., Bement, William M., Gundersen, Cameron B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 05.10.2007; American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
• Subjects: Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Amylose - chemistry; Animals; Cysteine - metabolism; Cytoplasmic Granules - metabolism; Exocytosis; HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism; Kinetics; Membrane Proteins - metabolism; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Myosins - metabolism; Myosins - physiology; Oocytes - metabolism; Subcellular Fractions - metabolism; Xenopus; Xenopus - metabolism
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M705825200

Xenopus oocytes undergo dynamic structural changes during maturation and fertilization. Among these, cortical granule exocytosis and compensatory endocytosis provide effective models to study membrane trafficking. This study documents an important role for myosin1e in cortical granule exocytosis. Myosin1e is expressed at the earliest stage that cortical granule exocytosis can be detected in oocytes. Prior to exocytosis, myosin1e relocates to the surface of cortical granules. Overexpression of myosin1e augments the kinetics of cortical granule exocytosis, whereas tail-derived fragments of myosin1e inhibit this secretory event (but not constitutive exocytosis). Finally, intracellular injection of myosin1e antibody inhibits cortical granule exocytosis. Further experiments identified cysteine string proteins as interacting partners for myosin1e. As constituents of the membrane of cortical granules, cysteine string proteins are also essential for cortical granule exocytosis. Future investigation of the link between myosin1e and cysteine string proteins should help to clarify basic mechanisms of regulated exocytosis.