Hypervolemia, hypoalbuminemia and mitral calcification as markers of cardiovascular risk in peritoneal dialysis patients

Mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease is higher than in the general population. This is linked to traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, as well as with risk factors associated with end-stage renal disease itself. The aim of this study is to identify CV risk m...

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Published inRevista portuguesa de cardiologia Vol. 36; no. 9; pp. 599 - 604
Main Authors Querido, Sara, Quadros Branco, Patrícia, Silva Sousa, Henrique, Adragão, Teresa, Araújo Gonçalves, Pedro, Gaspar, Maria Augusta, Barata, José Diogo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Portugal Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.09.2017
Elsevier
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Summary:Mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease is higher than in the general population. This is linked to traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, as well as with risk factors associated with end-stage renal disease itself. The aim of this study is to identify CV risk markers in patients beginning peritoneal dialysis (PD) and their association with CV events and CV mortality. This was a retrospective cohort study of 112 incident PD patients, in which demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters, valvular calcifications, types of PD solutions, hospitalizations, CV events and death were analyzed. Occurrence of CV events or death due to a CV event after PD initiation was defined as the primary endpoint. The use of icodextrin solution was taken as a marker of hypervolemia. Mean age was 53.7±16.1 years. Patients were treated with PD for 29.3±17.4 months. Eighteen patients (16.1%) had valvular calcifications at baseline, 15 patients (13.4%) had major CV events and 11 patients (9.8%) died from CV-related causes. Cox proportional hazards analysis of CV events or CV-related mortality revealed that mitral calcification, use of icodextrin solution and low albumin were independent predictors of CV events or mortality. Traditional CV risk factors appear to have little impact on CV complications in PD patients. Nevertheless, hypervolemia, hypoalbuminemia and mitral calcifications were independent predictors of CV events or mortality in this group of patients. A taxa de mortalidade nos doentes com doença renal crónica terminal é significativamente mais elevada em comparação à população geral. Para isso contribuem fatores de risco cardiovascular (CV) clássicos e fatores de risco associados à própria doença renal crónica. Com este estudo pretendeu-se identificar marcadores de risco cardiovascular em doentes incidentes em diálise peritoneal (DP), e a sua associação a eventos cardiovasculares ou mortalidade cardiovascular. Estudo de coorte retrospetivo de 112 doentes incidentes em DP, onde os dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais, calcificações valvulares, tipo de soluções de DP, hospitalizações, eventos cardiovasculares e morte de causa cardiovascular após o início de DP foram considerados como outcomes primários. A utilização de solução de icodextrina foi usada como um marcador de hipervolemia. A idade média foi de 53,7 ± 16,1 anos. Os doentes foram tratados com DP durante 29,3 ± 17,4 meses; 18 doentes (16,1%) apresentavam calcificações valvulares à data de início da técnica. Quinze doentes (13,4%) tiveram eventos CV major e 11 doentes (9,8%) morreram na sequência de eventos CV. A análise estatística por regressão de Cox mostrou que a calcificação mitral, o uso da solução de icodextrina e a hipoalbuminemia foram preditores independentes de eventos CV ou mortalidade CV. Os fatores tradicionais de risco CV aparentam ter pouco impacto no desenvolvimento das complicações CV dos doentes em DP. Porém, a hipervolemia, a hipoalbuminemia e a calcificação mitral foram preditores independentes de eventos CV ou mortalidade neste grupo de doentes.
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ISSN:0870-2551
2174-2030
DOI:10.1016/j.repc.2016.12.014