The role of invasive and non-invasive imaging technologies and calcium modification therapies in the evaluation and management of coronary artery calcifications

The treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) has advanced significantly in recent years due to improvements in medical therapy and percutaneous or surgical revascularization. However, a persistent obstacle in the percutaneous management of CAD is coronary artery calcification (CAC), which portends...

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Published inFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine Vol. 10; p. 1133510
Main Authors Wopperer, Samuel B., Kotronias, Rafail, Marin, Federico, Benenati, Stefano, Della Mora, Francesco, Portolan, Leonardo, Banning, Adrian P., De Maria, Giovanni Luigi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 06.04.2023
Subjects
calcium
Cardiovascular Medicine
coronary
imaging
invasive
non-invasive
calcium
coronary
non-invasive
invasive
imaging
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Summary:The treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) has advanced significantly in recent years due to improvements in medical therapy and percutaneous or surgical revascularization. However, a persistent obstacle in the percutaneous management of CAD is coronary artery calcification (CAC), which portends to higher rates of procedural challenges, post-intervention complications, and overall poor prognosis. With the advent of novel multimodality imaging technologies spanning from intravascular ultrasound to optical coherence tomography to coronary computed tomography angiography combined with advances in calcium debulking and modification techniques, CACs are now targets for intervention with growing success. This review will summarize the most recent developments in the diagnosis and characterization of CAC, offer a comparison of the aforementioned imaging technologies including which ones are most suitable for specific clinical presentations, and review the CAC modifying therapies currently available.
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Edited by: Christos Bourantas, University College London, United Kingdom
Specialty Section: This article was submitted to Cardiovascular Imaging, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Reviewed by: Márton Kolossváry, Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Center, Hungary Yingfeng Tu, Harbin Medical University, China Vedant Arun Gupta, University of Kentucky, United States Naqiong Wu, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China
ISSN:2297-055X
2297-055X
DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1133510