Psychosocial Vulnerability From Adolescence to Adulthood: A Prospective Study of Attachment Style Differences in Relationship Functioning and Partner Choice

• Published in: Journal of personality Vol. 70; no. 6; pp. 965 - 1008
• Main Authors: Collins, Nancy L., Cooper, M. Lynne, Albino, Austin, Allard, Lisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston, MA, USA Blackwell Publishing 01.12.2002; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Attachment style; Conflict (Psychology); Courtship; Ethnicity; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Models, Psychological; New York; Object Attachment; Personal relationships; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Predictors; Problem Solving; Psychology; Psychosocial problems; Regression Analysis; Romantic relationships; Satisfaction; Selfreport; Sexual Partners; Social psychology; Socioeconomic Factors; New York
• ISSN: 0022-3506; 1467-6494
• DOI: 10.1111/1467-6494.05029

ABSTRACT Using a prospective research design, this study explored whether attachment style during adolescence forecasts the nature and quality of romantic relationships in early adulthood and investigated two general pathways for explaining these effects. Black and White community residents were first interviewed in adolescence at which time they completed a self‐report measure of attachment style. Approximately 6 years later, they participated in a follow‐up interview along with their current romantic partners (N = 224 couples). Results revealed that insecure attachment in adolescence was a risk factor for adverse relationship outcomes in adulthood, although the effects were most consistent for avoidant attachment. Avoidant adolescents were involved in relationships that they (and their partners) rated as less satisfying overall; they also engaged in fewer pro‐relationship behaviors, and perceived that their partners engaged in fewer pro‐relationship behaviors. In addition, avoidant adolescents were involved with partners who had less healthy personality profiles. Results for anxious‐ambivalent and secure attachment were weaker, more complex, and moderated by gender. This study provides the first prospective evidence that avoidant attachment places individuals at risk for adverse relationship outcomes and highlights potential pathways through which this occurs.